SAP C_HANADEV_18 SAP Certified Development Associate - SAP HANA 2.0 SPS06 Exam Practice Test

 According to the SAP Web IDE for SAP HANA Developer Guide, you can debug a Node.js module in SAP Web IDE for SAP HANA by attaching the debugger to the application in the SAP Web IDE for SAP HANA. To do this, you need to open the debugger panel, attach your application, and choose your multi-target application and select a debug target. Then, you can perform the regular debugging tasks, such as setting breakpoints, stepping through the code, examining the variables, and so on. The other options are incorrect, because:

• Setting the enabled parameter to true in the section debugger of the xsengine.ini file is not a way to debug a Node.js module in SAP Web IDE for SAP HANA, but a way to enable the XS JavaScript debugger for XSJS applications. This is not relevant for Node.js modules, which use a different runtime and debugger.
• Adding the sap.hana.xs.debugger::Debugger role to the HDI Container’s #RT User is not a way to debug a Node.js module in SAP Web IDE for SAP HANA, but a way to grant the XS JavaScript debugger privileges to the runtime user of the HDI container. This is not relevant for Node.js modules, which use a different runtime and debugger.
• Starting the debugger from the XS command line interface and running the program in SAP Web IDE for SAP HANA is not a way to debug a Node.js module in SAP Web IDE for SAP HANA, but a way to debug a Node.js module using command-line tools. This is an alternative option for debugging Node.js modules, but it does not use the SAP Web IDE for SAP HANA.

References: SAP Web IDE for SAP HANA Developer Guide, Chapter 6, Section 6.4.2, page 2111.

SAP HANA supports two types of user-defined functions: table and scalar. User-defined functions are functions that are created by users to perform specific tasks or calculations on data. User-defined functions can be used in SQL expressions, such as in the SELECT, WHERE, or GROUP BY clauses of SQL statements. User-defined functions can also be used in SQLScript, which is a scripting language for SAP HANA that extends SQL with procedural and analytical features.

Table functions are user-defined functions that return a table as the output. Table functions can be used to implement complex logic or transformations on data, such as pivoting, unpivoting, aggregation, or ranking. Table functions can also be used to create calculation views, which are virtual data models that expose data from SAP HANA tables or views. Table functions are created by using the CREATE FUNCTION statement with the RETURNS clause, where specifies the table type of the output. Table functions can be called in the FROM clause of SQL statements, or in the node expression of calculation views.

Scalar functions are user-defined functions that return a scalar value as the output. Scalar functions can be used to perform simple calculations or validations on data, such as converting units, checking conditions, or generating IDs. Scalar functions are created by using the CREATE FUNCTION statement with the RETURNS clause, where specifies the scalar type of the output. Scalar functions can be called in the SELECT or WHERE clauses of SQL statements, or in the expression of calculated columns.

The following types of functions are not supported by SAP HANA as user-defined functions, but as built-in functions or features:

• Aggregate functions: Aggregate functions are functions that perform calculations on a set of values and return a single value. For example, SUM, COUNT, MIN, MAX, or AVG are aggregate functions. Aggregate functions are built-in functions that are provided by SAP HANA and can be used in SQL expressions, such as in the SELECT or GROUP BY clauses of SQL statements, or in the expression of aggregated columns. Aggregate functions cannot be created by users as user-defined functions.
• Hierarchy functions: Hierarchy functions are functions that operate on hierarchical data, such as parent-child or level-based hierarchies. For example, HIERARCHY_ANCESTORS, HIERARCHY_DESCENDANTS, or HIERARCHY_LEVEL are hierarchy functions. Hierarchy functions are built-in functions that are provided by SAP HANA and can be used in SQL expressions, such as in the SELECT or WHERE clauses of SQL statements, or in the expression of hierarchy columns. Hierarchy functions cannot be created by users as user-defined functions.

References:

• [SAP HANA Platform Documentation], SAP HANA SQL and System Views Reference, Chapter 3: SQL Expressions, Section 3.5: Function Expressions, pp. 59-60.
• [SAP HANA Platform Documentation], SAP HANA SQLScript Reference, Chapter 6: SQLScript Test Framework, Section 6.1: User-Defined Functions, pp. 153-154.

According to the SAP HANA Performance Guide for Developers1, the .hdinamespace file is a JSON resource that defines the naming rules for the run-time objects in a multi-target application. The name parameter specifies the common name-space prefix for the objects, while the subfolder parameter determines whether the name of the sub-folder is added or ignored in the run-time name space. If you want to keep the names of the objects as short as possible, you should set the subfolder parameter to ignore, so that the name of the sub-folder is not appended to the name-space prefix and the object name. For example, if you have a table named CUSTOMERS in a sub-folder named SALES, and you set the subfolder parameter to ignore, the run-time name of the table will be com.sap.hana.example::CUSTOMERS, where com.sap.hana.example is the name-space prefix defined by the name parameter. If you set the subfolder parameter to append, the run-time name of the table will be com.sap.hana.example.SALES::CUSTOMERS, which is longer and more complex. For more information on the .hdinamespace file and the naming rules, see [The HDI Name-Space Configuration File]2 and [Run-Time Name Spaces in SAP HDI]3.

References: 2: The HDI Name-Space Configuration File 3: Run-Time Name Spaces in SAP HDI 1: SAP HANA Performance Guide for Developers

 The SAP HANA system views that contain information about the object ownership are SCHEMAS and ROLES. The SCHEMAS view provides information about the schemas in the database, including the owner of each schema1. The ROLES view provides information about the roles in the database, including the owner of each role2. The object ownership indicates who has the right to grant or revoke privileges on the object, or to alter or drop the object3.

The other two options, TABLES and OBJECTS, do not contain information about the object ownership. The TABLES view provides information about the tables in the database, but not the owner of each table4. The OBJECTS view provides information about the objects in the database, such as views, procedures, functions, etc., but not the owner of each object5. References: 1: SCHEMAS System View | SAP Help Portal 2: ROLES System View | SAP Help Portal 3: Object Ownership | SAP Help Portal 4: TABLES System View | SAP Help Portal 5: OBJECTS System View | SAP Help Portal

 Filter expressions can be used in a calculation view to restrict or modify the data that is displayed or processed by the view. Filter expressions can be used in the following nodes of a calculation view12:

• Aggregation: An aggregation node is a node that applies aggregation functions, such as sum, count, or average, to the data that is passed from the previous node. Filter expressions can be used in an aggregation node to filter the data before or after the aggregation, or to define the aggregation level or the measure attributes. For example, you can use a filter expression to show only the sales data for a specific region or product category, or to calculate the average revenue per customer.
• Union: A union node is a node that combines the data from two or more nodes that have the same structure and data types. Filter expressions can be used in a union node to filter the data from each input node, or to filter the data from the output node. For example, you can use a filter expression to exclude the duplicate rows from the union result, or to show only the data that matches a certain condition from each input node.

The other options are not correct because filter expressions cannot be used in these nodes of a calculation view. A star join node is a node that joins a fact table with one or more dimension tables, based on the common key attributes. A star join node does not support filter expressions, but it supports input parameters, which are variables that can be used to filter the data at runtime. A rank node is a node that ranks the data according to a specified order and criteria. A rank node does not support filter expressions, but it supports rank filters, which are conditions that can be used to limit the number or percentage of rows in the rank result. References:

• SAP HANA Platform, SAP HANA Modeling Guide for SAP HANA Web Workbench, Calculation Views
• SAP HANA Platform, SAP HANA Developer Guide for SAP HANA Web IDE, Developing Database Modules, Developing Calculation Views, Using Filter Expressions

 In application development with XS advanced, the following entities belong to a specific SPACE: Applications and Processes. A SPACE is a logical grouping of applications and processes that share a common purpose and resources. A SPACE can have one or more applications and processes deployed to it, and each application and process can have one or more instances running in the SPACE. A SPACE can also have its own quota, services, routes, and security settings12.

The other two options, Organizations and Users, are not entities that belong to a specific SPACE. An Organization is a logical grouping of SPACES that share a common owner and billing account. An Organization can have one or more SPACES, but a SPACE can only belong to one Organization. An Organization can also have its own quota, roles, and users12. A User is an entity that represents a person or a system that can access the XS advanced platform and perform actions based on the assigned roles and privileges. A User can belong to one or more Organizations and SPACES, and can have different roles and permissions in each of them34. References: 1: SAP HANA XS Advanced Development (New and Changed) | SAP Help Portal 2: SAP HANA XS Advanced, explore the basic tools | SAP 3: XS Advanced User Management | SAP Help Portal 4: Maintaining Platform Users in XS Advanced | SAP Help Portal

To access objects in an external SAP HANA Deployment Infrastructure (HDI) container, you need to define synonyms in the persistence model. Synonyms are design-time artifacts that provide a logical name and a reference to an object in another schema or HDI container. Synonyms allow you to access the data and functionality of the external objects without granting direct privileges or using fully qualified names1. Synonyms can be created for tables, views, procedures, functions, and other database objects2.

The other options, views, imports, and procedures, are not artifacts that can be defined in the persistence model to access objects in an external HDI container. Views are artifacts that define a logical data model based on one or more tables or other views. Views can be used to query data from different sources, but they do not provide a reference to an external object3. Imports are artifacts that allow you to import another CDS entity or a database table into the current CDS entity, and use its columns as part of the projection list. Imports can be used to reuse data definitions, but they do not provide a reference to an external object either4. Procedures are artifacts that define a set of SQL statements that can be executed as a unit. Procedures can be used to implement complex logic and calculations, but they do not provide a reference to an external object either5. References: 1: Synonyms | SAP Help Portal 2: Synonym Definition | SAP Help Portal 3: Views | SAP Help Portal 4: Import | SAP Help Portal 5: Procedure Definition | SAP Help Portal

 The XS command line is a tool that allows you to administer and manage the XS advanced runtime environment and the applications deployed on it. You can run the XS command line from the local operating system shell of your machine, as long as you have installed the XS CLI client package and added the bin folder to the PATH environment variable1. You can also run the XS command line from the SAP HANA system, where the XS advanced runtime is installed, by logging in as user XSA_ADMIN or adm2.

The other options, SAP HANA studio, SAP Web IDE for SAP HANA, and SAP HANA cockpit, are not tools that can run the XS command line. SAP HANA studio is an Eclipse-based tool that allows you to develop, model, and administer SAP HANA databases and applications, but it does not support XS advanced features3. SAP Web IDE for SAP HANA is a web-based tool that allows you to develop, test, and deploy SAP HANA applications using XS advanced features, but it does not provide a command line interface4. SAP HANA cockpit is a web-based tool that allows you to monitor and manage SAP HANA databases and applications, but it does not provide a command line interface either5. References: 1: Installing XS CLI Client | SAP Tutorials 2: XS Advanced Administration: Getting The XS CLI | SAP Blogs 3: SAP HANA Studio | SAP Help Portal 4: SAP Web IDE for SAP HANA | SAP Help Portal 5: SAP HANA Cockpit | SAP Help Portal

To produce sales value for the month using sales order line items (sales price per item x quantity sold), you can use a calculated column of a calculation view that performs the multiplication of the two columns and applies a transparent filter and a non-equijoin to restrict the data to the desired month. A transparent filter is a filter condition that is applied to the data source of a view node and is propagated to the subsequent nodes. A non-equijoin is a join condition that uses operators other than equality, such as greater than, less than, or between. For example, you can use a transparent filter to filter the sales order line items by the month of the order date, and then use a non-equijoin to join the sales order line items with the sales price table by the order date and the valid from and valid to dates of the sales price. References: Transparent Filters, Non-Equijoins, Create Calculated Columns.

The UI rendering is executed on the front-end client device, such as a browser or a mobile device, that accesses the SAP HANA application. SAPUI5 is a JavaScript-based UI framework that enables the development of responsive and user-friendly web applications. SAPUI5 applications run in the browser and communicate with the back-end server via RESTful services, such as OData. The SAPUI5 HTML5 module is a component of the multi-target application (MTA) that contains the UI logic and resources, such as views, controllers, models, and libraries. The SAPUI5 HTML5 module is deployed to the XS advanced application server, which serves the static UI files to the front-end client device. The SAP Fiori front-end server is a separate component that provides the SAP Fiori launchpad, a single entry point for SAP Fiori apps, and the SAP Fiori UI components, such as controls, themes, and icons. The SAP Fiori front-end server is not required for SAP HANA native applications, but it can be used to integrate them with other SAP Fiori apps123. References:

• SAP HANA Platform, Developing Applications with SAP HANA Cloud Platform, Developing Multi-Target Applications, Developing HTML5 Modules
• SAP HANA Platform, SAP HANA Extended Application Services, Advanced Model, Developing and Deploying Applications, Developing HTML5 Applications
• SAP HANA Platform, SAP HANA Extended Application Services, Advanced Model, Developing and Deploying Applications, Developing SAP Fiori Applications

A multi-target application (MTA) is a single application that consists of multiple modules that are developed using different technologies and designed to run on different target runtime environments. A database module is a module that contains database artifacts, such as tables, views, procedures, or functions, that are deployed to a SAP HANA database. A HANA Deployment Infrastructure (HDI) container is a logical grouping of database objects that are isolated from other containers and schemas in the same database. An HDI container has its own technical user, roles, and privileges, and can be accessed only through a service binding. When a database module is built, the SAP Web IDE for SAP HANA or the SAP Business Application Studio automatically creates an HDI container and binds it as a resource to the database module. It also creates the runtime objects, such as physical tables or views, in the schema associated with the HDI container. Therefore, the runtime objects of a database module are created in the HDI container, which is the correct answer. The other options are incorrect because they are not the environments where the runtime objects of a database module are created. The Java Runtime Environment (JRE) is a software environment that provides the minimum requirements for executing a Java application. The SAP HANA Runtime Tools (HRTT) are a set of tools that enable developers to create, run, and debug SAP HANA native applications in Eclipse. The SAP Web IDE for SAP HANA is a web-based development environment that supports the development of MTA projects and modules. References:

• SAP HANA Platform 2.0 SPS06: Developing Multitarget Applications, Section 1.1
• SAP HANA Platform 2.0 SPS06: SAP HANA Deployment Infrastructure, Section 1
• SAP HANA Platform 2.0 SPS06: SAP HANA Database Application Development, Section 2.1
• SAP HANA Platform 2.0 SPS06: SAP HANA Database Application Development, Section 2.2
• SAP HANA Platform 2.0 SPS06: SAP HANA Database Application Development, Section 2.3
• SAP Business Application Studio Multitarget Application (MTA) development toolkit, Section 2

A calculation view is a view that combines data from multiple sources, such as tables, views, or functions, using graphical or SQLScript logic. A calculation view can define input parameters, which are variables that allow the user to influence the query execution with values that are entered at runtime. Input parameters can be used for various purposes, such as filtering, currency conversion, or dynamic calculations.

Some of the key characteristics of the calculation view’s input parameter are:

• It can be used in a conditional expression. A conditional expression is an expression that evaluates to a value based on a condition. For example, an input parameter can be used to determine which column to use for aggregation, or which table function to call, based on the user’s input. A conditional expression can be written using the CASE or IF syntax in SQLScript, or using the graphical expression editor in the calculation view.
• It is passed via reserved word PLACEHOLDER. The reserved word PLACEHOLDER is used to pass the input parameter value to the calculation view when calling it from SQL. The syntax is PLACEHOLDER.“

inputp​arametern​ame

” => ‘value’. For example, if the calculation view has an input parameter named CURRENCY, then the SQL statement to call the view with the value ‘USD’ would be SELECT * FROM “CALC_VIEW” (PLACEHOLDER.“

CURRENCY

” => ‘USD’).

• It can be used to pass values to table functions. A table function is a function that returns a table as its output. A table function can be used as a data source in a calculation view, and it can accept input parameters as arguments. For example, a table function can perform currency conversion based on the input parameter value, and return the converted data to the calculation view.

The other options are incorrect because they are not characteristics of the calculation view’s input parameter. It is not passed using a WHERE clause, as the WHERE clause is used to filter data based on a condition, not to pass values to a view. It can be used to filter measure values, as measure values are numeric values that can be aggregated, such as sales amount or quantity. An input parameter can be used to filter measure values based on a range, a comparison, or a calculation. References:

• SAP HANA Platform 2.0 SPS06: SAP HANA SQL and System Views Reference, Section 2.1.5.3
• SAP HANA Platform 2.0 SPS06: SAP HANA SQLScript Reference, Section 2.1.2.1
• SAP HANA Platform 2.0 SPS06: SAP HANA SQLScript Reference, Section 2.1.2.2
• SAP HANA Platform 2.0 SPS06: SAP HANA SQLScript Reference, Section 2.1.2.3
• SAP HANA Platform 2.0 SPS06: SAP HANA SQLScript Reference, Section 2.1.2.4
• SAP HANA Platform 2.0 SPS06: SAP HANA SQLScript Reference, Section 2.1.2.5
• SAP HANA Platform 2.0 SPS06: SAP HANA SQLScript Reference, Section 2.1.2.6
• SAP HANA Platform 2.0 SPS06: SAP HANA SQLScript Reference, Section 2.1.2.7
• SAP HANA Platform 2.0 SPS06: SAP HANA SQLScript Reference, Section 2.1.2.8
• SAP HANA Platform 2.0 SPS06: SAP HANA SQLScript Reference, Section 2.1.2.9
• SAP HANA Platform 2.0 SPS06: SAP HANA SQLScript Reference, Section 2.1.2.10
• SAP HANA Platform 2.0 SPS06: SAP HANA SQLScript Reference, Section 2.1.2.11
• SAP HANA Platform 2.0 SPS06: SAP HANA SQLScript Reference, Section 2.1.2.12
• SAP HANA Platform 2.0 SPS06: SAP HANA SQLScript Reference, Section 2.1.2.13
• SAP HANA Platform 2.0 SPS06: SAP HANA SQLScript Reference, Section 2.1.2.14
• SAP HANA Platform 2.0 SPS06: SAP HANA SQLScript Reference, Section 2.1.2.15
• SAP HANA Platform 2.0 SPS06: SAP HANA SQLScript Reference, Section 2.1.2.16
• SAP HANA Platform 2.0 SPS06: SAP HANA SQLScript Reference, Section 2.1.2.17
• SAP HANA Platform 2.0 SPS06: SAP HANA SQLScript Reference, Section 2.1.2.18
• SAP HANA Platform 2.0 SPS06: SAP HANA SQLScript Reference, Section 2.1.2.19
• SAP HANA Platform 2.0 SPS06: SAP HANA SQLScript Reference, Section 2.1.2.20
• SAP HANA Platform 2.0 SPS06: SAP HANA SQLScript Reference, Section 2.1.2.21
• SAP HANA Platform 2.0 SPS06: SAP HANA SQLScript Reference, Section 2.1.2.22
• SAP HANA Platform 2.0 SPS06: SAP HANA SQLScript Reference, Section 2.1.2.23
• SAP HANA Platform 2.0 SPS06: SAP HANA SQLScript Reference, Section 2.1.2.24
• SAP HANA Platform 2.0 SPS06: SAP HANA SQLScript Reference, Section 2.1.2.25
• SAP HANA Platform 2.0 SPS06: SAP HANA SQLScript Reference, Section 2.1.2.26
• SAP HANA Platform 2.0 SPS06: SAP HANA SQLScript Reference, Section 2.1.2.27
• SAP HANA Platform 2.0 SPS06: SAP HANA SQLScript Reference, Section 2.1.2.28
• SAP HANA Platform 2.0 SPS06: SAP HANA SQLScript Reference, Section 2.1.2.29
• SAP HANA Platform 2.0 SPS06: SAP HANA SQLScript Reference, Section 2.1.2.30
• SAP HANA Platform 2.0 SPS06: SAP HANA SQLScript Reference, Section 2.1.2.31
• SAP HANA Platform 2.0 SPS06: SAP HANA SQLScript Reference, Section 2.1.2.32
• SAP HANA Platform 2.0 SPS06: SAP HANA SQLScript Reference, Section 2.1.

The mta.xml file is the main descriptor file for a multi-target application (MTA). It defines the application global elements, such as ID, version, provider, and schema version. It also defines the modules, which are the components of the application that provide specific functionality, such as a database module, a Node.js module, or an HTML5 module. Each module has a name, a type, a path, and a list of required dependencies. The mta.xml file also defines the resources, which are the shared services or configurations that the modules can consume, such as a user-provided service, an SAP HANA database, or an SAP HANA HDI container. Each resource has a name, a type, and optional parameters. The mta.xml file also defines the properties and parameters, which are the key-value pairs that can be used to configure the modules and resources, such as the host, port, or credentials. The properties and parameters can be defined globally, per module, or per resource12.

The other options are not correct because they are not part of the mta.xml file, but rather of other files or components of the MTA. The plugin name and version for every supported file suffix are defined in the .che file, which is the configuration file for the SAP Web IDE3. The application router description with the authentication methods and access routes are defined in the xs-app.json file, which is the configuration file for the application router, a Node.js module that provides a single entry point and routing mechanism for the MTA. The Node.js package definition with dependencies and initial run configurations are defined in the package.json file, which is the configuration file for the Node.js module that contains the application logic and business services. References:

• SAP HANA Platform, Developing Applications with SAP HANA Cloud Platform, Developing Multi-Target Applications
• SAP HANA Platform, SAP HANA Extended Application Services, Advanced Model, Developing and Deploying Applications, Descriptor Files, mta.xml
• SAP HANA Platform, Developing Applications with SAP HANA Cloud Platform, Developing Multi-Target Applications, Descriptor Files, .che
• [SAP HANA Platform], SAP HANA Extended Application Services, Advanced Model, Developing and Deploying Applications, Descriptor Files, xs-app.json
• [SAP HANA Platform], SAP HANA Extended Application Services, Advanced Model, Developing and Deploying Applications, Descriptor Files, package.json

According to the SAP HANA Developer Guide, declarative logic in SQL Script is a way of expressing complex data transformations by means of classical relational operators, such as selection, projection, join, aggregation, etc. Declarative logic does not specify how data is processed, but rather what the desired result is. The SAP HANA database has the freedom to optimize the data flow and execution plan, which may result in better performance. Declarative logic is free of side effects, meaning that it does not modify any data or state outside the scope of the statement. Declarative logic declares the flow of data, meaning that it binds new variables that are referenced elsewhere in the body of the procedure or function. The other options are incorrect, because:

• Declarative logic does not support the full set of SQL Script, but only a subset of SQL features that are side-effect free and deterministic. For example, declarative logic does not support imperative constructs, such as loops, conditions, exceptions, etc.
• Declarative logic does not define how data is processed, but rather what the desired result is. How data is processed is determined by the SAP HANA database optimizer, which may choose different execution plans depending on the data characteristics, system resources, and other factors.

References: SAP HANA Developer Guide, Chapter 6, Section 6.4.2, page 2111.

SQLScript is a scripting language that extends the SQL standard and allows you to implement application logic in the database layer. Some of the advantages of SQLScript compared to plain SQL queries are:

• It enables modular parameterized programming, which means you can define reusable functions and procedures with input and output parameters, local variables, and control structures. This allows you to write more structured, maintainable, and testable code.
• It increases performance by parallel execution of complex SQL statements, which means you can leverage the parallel processing capabilities of SAP HANA and reduce the data transfer between the database and the application layer. SQLScript also supports data-intensive operations such as table functions, cursors, and dynamic SQL.

The other options are not correct because:

• It does not contain a well-defined ANSI standard, as SQLScript is a proprietary extension of SQL that is specific to SAP HANA. However, SQLScript is compatible with the SQL standard and supports most of the SQL features and syntax.
• It does not retrieve a high data volume from a database, as SQLScript is designed to process data in the database layer and return only the relevant results to the application layer. SQLScript follows the principle of “push-down” computation, which means it minimizes the data transfer and maximizes the performance.

References:

• SAP HANA SQL and System Views Reference, Chapter 1, Section 1.1
• SAP HANA SQLScript Reference, Chapter 1, Section 1.1
• SAP HANA Developer Guide for SAP HANA Web IDE, Chapter 4, Section 4.1

 Join optimization (pruning) is a technique that allows you to omit join fields from the aggregation if they are not requested by the query and they do not affect the result set. Join optimization (pruning) can improve the query performance by reducing the data volume and the number of join operations. However, join optimization (pruning) is only supported for certain types of joins, such as outer join, text join, and referential join. These types of joins preserve the number of records from one of the join partners, regardless of the join condition. Therefore, the join execution does not influence the result set, and the join fields can be safely omitted12.

Inner join is not a type of join that is supported by join optimization (pruning). Inner join is a type of join that only returns the records that have a matching partner in both join partners, based on the join condition. Inner join can add or delete records from the result set, depending on the data and the join condition. Therefore, the join execution does influence the result set, and the join fields cannot be omitted without changing the query semantics12. References: 1: Optimize Join Execution | SAP Help Portal 2: Prerequisites for Pruning Join Columns | SAP Help Portal

To prevent changes to existing line items of the sap.test::myTable table, you can use the OData service that specifies the update authorization as no-authorization for the table. This means that the OData service does not allow any update operations on the table, such as PUT, PATCH, or MERGE. The option A shows the code snippet that defines the OData service with this restriction. The other options do not have the update no-authorization clause for the table, and therefore, they do not prevent changes to the existing line items. References: OData Service Authorization, OData Security Considerations.

In Node.js, the package.json file is used to define external module dependencies. A module is a piece of code that can be reused and shared by other applications. A dependency is a module that is required by another module to function properly. The package.json file contains a list of dependencies with their names and versions, as well as other metadata about the application, such as name, description, version, scripts, and license. The package.json file allows the Node.js application to install and manage the dependencies using the npm command-line tool. The other files are not used to define external module dependencies in Node.js. The mta.yaml file is used to define the structure and dependencies of a multi-target application. The pom.xml file is used to define the configuration and dependencies of a Maven project. The server.js file is used to define the main entry point and logic of a Node.js application. References:

• SAP HANA 2.0 SPS06 - Application Development for SAP HANA1, Section 5.2.1, p. 135-136
• SAP HANA 2.0 SPS06 - Node.js Development2, Section 2.1, p. 15-16
• SAP HANA 2.0 SPS06 - Node.js Development2, Section 2.2, p. 17-18
• SAP HANA 2.0 SPS06 - Node.js Development2, Section 2.3, p. 19-20
• SAP HANA 2.0 SPS06 - Node.js Development2, Section 2.4, p. 21-22
• SAP HANA 2.0 SPS06 - Node.js Development2, Section 2.5, p. 23-24
• SAP HANA 2.0 SPS06 - Node.js Development2, Section 2.6, p. 25-26
• SAP HANA 2.0 SPS06 - Node.js Development2, Section 2.7, p. 27-28
• SAP HANA 2.0 SPS06 - Node.js Development2, Section 2.8, p. 29-30
• SAP HANA 2.0 SPS06 - Node.js Development2, Section 2.9, p. 31-32
• SAP HANA 2.0 SPS06 - Node.js Development2, Section 2.10, p. 33-34
• SAP HANA 2.0 SPS06 - Node.js Development2, Section 2.11, p. 35-36
• SAP HANA 2.0 SPS06 - Node.js Development2, Section 2.12, p. 37-38

 To specify the target currency for currency conversion in calculation views, you can use one of the following methods:

• In a column: You can associate the measure with an attribute column that contains the target currency code. For example, if you have a table that stores the sales amount and the currency code for each transaction, you can use the currency code column as the target currency for the sales amount measure.
• With an input parameter: You can create an input parameter that allows the user to select or enter the target currency code at runtime. For example, if you want to display the sales amount in different currencies based on the user’s preference, you can use an input parameter as the target currency for the sales amount measure.
• With a fixed value: You can associate the measure with a fixed currency code that is available in the currency table. For example, if you want to display the sales amount in a single currency, such as USD, you can use a fixed value as the target currency for the sales amount measure. References: Associate Measures with Currency, How to perform Currency Conversion in SAP HANA, Implementing Currency Conversion.

SAP Web IDE for SAP HANA is a browser-based integrated development environment (IDE) that allows you to create and manage multi-target applications (MTAs) that use the SAP HANA Deployment Infrastructure (HDI). SAP Web IDE for SAP HANA provides a comprehensive suite of tools that enable the development of complex applications comprising web-based or mobile user interfaces (UIs), business logic, and extensive SAP HANA data models. SAP Web IDE for SAP HANA is tightly integrated with the SAP HANA runtime tools, the SAP HANA deployment infrastructure (HDI) for XS advanced, the tools used for application life-cycle management (ALM), and the XS advanced run-time platform. Some of the functionality that is provided by SAP Web IDE for SAP HANA are:

• Syntax-aware editors for code: SAP Web IDE for SAP HANA provides syntax-aware editors for various code and SAP HANA artifacts, such as SQLScript, CDS, calculation views, HTML5, JavaScript, Java, and more. The syntax-aware editors offer features such as syntax highlighting, code completion, code formatting, code validation, code navigation, code templates, and code refactoring. The syntax-aware editors help you to write and edit code more efficiently and accurately.
• Build and deploy applications: SAP Web IDE for SAP HANA provides build and deploy tools that allow you to compile, package, and deploy your MTA project to the XS advanced environment. The build and deploy tools use the mta.yaml file, which is the deployment descriptor file that specifies the metadata and dependencies for your MTA project. The build and deploy tools also use the HDI service, which is the service layer that enables you to deploy database artifacts to HDI containers. The build and deploy tools support various commands, such as build, run, deploy, undeploy, and redeploy.

The following functionality is not provided by SAP Web IDE for SAP HANA, but by other tools or services:

• User management: User management is the process of creating and managing users and their roles and privileges in the XS advanced environment. User management is not performed by SAP Web IDE for SAP HANA, but by the User Account and Authentication (UAA) service, which is a shared service that provides authorization and trust management for XS advanced applications. The UAA service uses the xs-security.json file, which is the application security descriptor file that specifies the security configuration for your application. The UAA service also uses the SAP HANA cockpit, which is a web-based administration tool that allows you to manage users and roles in the SAP HANA database.
• Organization and space management: Organization and space management is the process of creating and managing the organizational units of the XS advanced environment, such as organizations and spaces. Organizations and spaces are used to isolate and group the resources and applications of different users or teams. Organization and space management is not performed by SAP Web IDE for SAP HANA, but by the Organization and Space Management tool, which is a web-based tool that allows you to create and manage organizations and spaces and their quotas and roles. The Organization and Space Management tool also uses the Cloud Foundry Command Line Interface (CF CLI), which is a command-line tool that allows you to perform various operations on the XS advanced environment and the applications and services.

References:

• [SAP HANA Deployment Infrastructure Reference], Chapter 5: HDI with XS Advanced, Section 5.1: Developing with the SAP Web IDE for SAP HANA, pp. 101-106.
• [SAP HANA Platform Documentation], SAP HANA Developer Guide for SAP HANA XS Advanced Model, Chapter 2: Getting Started with SAP Web IDE for SAP HANA, pp. 17-19.

The index.html file is the entry point of the UI5 application. It contains the following elements:

• Framework Reference: This element specifies the location of the UI5 resources, such as libraries, themes, and controls. It can be done by using the data-sap-ui-resourceroots attribute or the sap.ui.localResources() function.
• Bootstrap: This element initializes the UI5 framework and loads the required libraries and components. It can be done by using the script tag with the src attribute pointing to the sap-ui-core.js file and the data-sap-ui-xx attributes to configure the bootstrap parameters.
• Backend Connection: This element is optional and depends on the application logic. It can be used to establish a connection to the backend system, such as an OData service, by using the data-sap-ui-bindingSyntax attribute or the sap.ui.model.odata.v2.ODataModel() constructor.
• UI-Area: This element defines the HTML element where the UI5 content will be rendered. It can be done by using the data-sap-ui-oninit attribute or the sap.ui.getCore().attachInit() function to register a callback function that creates and places the UI5 root component or view.

References:

• SAP HANA 2.0 SPS06 - Application Development for SAP HANA1, Section 5.1.1, p. 131-132
• SAP HANA 2.0 SPS06 - Developing Web Apps with SAPUI52, Section 2.1, p. 17-20
• SAP HANA 2.0 SPS06 - Developing Web Apps with SAPUI52, Section 3.1, p. 37-40
• SAP HANA 2.0 SPS06 - Developing Web Apps with SAPUI52, Section 4.1, p. 59-62
• SAP HANA 2.0 SPS06 - Developing Web Apps with SAPUI52, Section 5.1, p. 81-84

You can use APPLY_FILTER to add a dynamic WHERE clause on SELECT statements that query database tables or intermediate table variables. Database tables are persistent tables that store data in the SAP HANA database. Intermediate table variables are variables that store temporary results of SQL queries in a tabular format. You can use APPLY_FILTER to define data transformations and data flows without using imperative statements or side effects1.

The other two options, scalar variables and virtual tables, are not objects that can be applied with the filter. Scalar variables are variables that store single values of a specific data type. You cannot use APPLY_FILTER on scalar variables, as they are not tabular data sources. Virtual tables are tables that provide access to remote data sources, such as other SAP HANA databases or external systems. You cannot use APPLY_FILTER on virtual tables, as they are not supported by the function2. References: 1: APPLY_FILTER | SAP Help Portal 2: Virtual Tables | SAP Help Portal

To create a multi-target application that will use XSJS, you need to create a Node.js module type in your application project. XSJS is a scripting language that allows you to implement server-side logic and access SAP HANA database features using JavaScript syntax. XSJS is supported by the Node.js runtime of the SAP HANA XS Advanced Model, which provides the necessary libraries and services to execute XSJS code. You can use the SAP Web IDE for SAP HANA to create a Node.js module and add XSJS files to it. The other options are not correct because:

• A. Java is not the module type you need to create for XSJS, as XSJS is not a Java-based language. Java is a module type that allows you to implement Java applications using the Java runtime of the SAP HANA XS Advanced Model.
• B. SAP HANA database is not the module type you need to create for XSJS, as XSJS is not a database object. SAP HANA database is a module type that allows you to create database artifacts, such as tables, views, procedures, and functions, using the SAP HANA deployment infrastructure (HDI).
• D. HTML5 is not the module type you need to create for XSJS, as XSJS is not a web page. HTML5 is a module type that allows you to create static web content, such as HTML, CSS, and JavaScript files, using the HTML5 application repository service.

References:

• SAP HANA Developer Guide for SAP HANA Web IDE, Chapter 5, Section 5.6
• SAP HANA Developer Guide for SAP HANA Web IDE, Chapter 5, Section 5.7
• SAP HANA Developer Guide for SAP HANA Web IDE, Chapter 5, Section 5.8
• SAP HANA Developer Guide for SAP HANA Web IDE, Chapter 5, Section 5.9

According to the SAP HANA Developer Guide, the resource path of an OData service URL identifies the entity or entity set that is requested. The resource path consists of the service root URI followed by a slash (/) and the name of the entity set. For example, to view all available products in the Products entity set, the resource path is /Products. The other options are incorrect, because:

• /Products/$metadata is not a valid resource path, but a system query option that returns the metadata document of the OData service.
• /Products/’ is not a valid resource path, but a syntax error. The single quotation mark is not needed after the entity set name.
• /Products/ALL is not a valid resource path, but a filter expression that can be used as a query option. The filter expression must be preceded by a question mark (?) and the $filter system query option. For example, /Products?$filter=ALL.

References: SAP HANA Developer Guide, Chapter 6, Section 6.4.2, page 2111.

 A calculation view of type “SQL Access Only” is a calculation view that is not visible to the reporting tools and does not support multidimensional reporting. However, it can be directly accessed via SQL and used as a modelled data source for another view. This type of calculation view is useful for scenarios where you want to perform complex calculations or transformations on the data, but do not need to expose the result to the end users or analytical applications. You can use the SQL Access Only calculation view as an intermediate step in your data modelling process, and then use another calculation view with data category Cube or Dimension to provide the final output for reporting or analysis. The other options are incorrect because a calculation view of type “SQL Access Only” cannot be directly exposed to all client tools or used for multidimensional analysis. These features are only available for calculation views with data category Cube or Dimension. References:

• Supported Data Categories for Calculation Views - SAP Help Portal
• Quick Reference: Calculation View Properties - SAP Help Portal
• SAP HANA Modeling Guide for SAP HANA Studio - SAP Help Portal
• New Hierarchy SQL enablement with Calculation Views in SAP HANA 1.0 SPS 10 - SAP Blogs
• HA300 - SAP HANA 2.0 SPS06 Modeling - SAP Training

The Git command that you use to consolidate all changes from one branch with another branch using a single commit is merge. The merge command is used to integrate changes from another branch into the current branch. The target of this integration (i.e. the branch that receives changes) is always the currently checked out HEAD branch. The merge command can create a merge commit, which is a special commit that has two or more parent commits and records the result of the merge. Alternatively, the merge command can also perform a fast-forward merge, which is a simple update of the HEAD pointer without creating a new commit, if the current branch is an ancestor of the other branch.

For example, suppose you have two branches, master and feature, and you want to consolidate all changes from feature into master using a single commit. You can use the following commands:

git checkout master # switch to the master branch git merge feature # merge the feature branch into the master branch

This will create a merge commit on the master branch that has two parents: the previous tip of the master branch and the tip of the feature branch. The merge commit will contain all the changes from the feature branch as well as the changes from the master branch.

The following Git commands are not used to consolidate all changes from one branch with another branch using a single commit, but for other purposes:

• Commit: The commit command is used to create a new commit on the current branch that records the changes made in the working tree and the index. The commit command does not integrate changes from another branch, but only from the local repository.
• Rebase: The rebase command is used to reapply a series of commits from one branch on top of another branch. The rebase command does not create a single commit, but rather modifies the history of the current branch by rewriting the commits and changing their parent commits. The rebase command can be used to achieve a linear history, but it can also cause conflicts and inconsistencies if used on public branches.
• Push: The push command is used to transfer commits from the local repository to a remote repository. The push command does not integrate changes from another branch, but only from the local repository to the remote repository. The push command can also update the remote branch pointers to reflect the transferred commits.

References:

• [Git Tower], Git Merge - Integrating changes from another branch, https://www.git-tower.com/learn/git/commands/git-merge/.
• [Git Documentation], git-merge - Join two or more development histories together, https://git-scm.com/docs/git-merge.

The SAP Web IDE for SAP HANA is a web-based development tool that allows you to create and manage multi-target applications (MTAs) that use the SAP HANA Deployment Infrastructure (HDI). HDI is a service layer that enables you to deploy database development artifacts to HDI containers, which are isolated schemas that represent runtime objects. Some of the operations that you can perform in the SAP Web IDE for SAP HANA are:

• Deploy HTML5 modules to the SAP HANA database: HTML5 modules are web applications that run on the XS advanced runtime and can access HDI containers via service bindings. You can create, edit, test, and deploy HTML5 modules from the SAP Web IDE for SAP HANA using the MTA development perspective and the build and run commands. You can also use the HTML5 module template wizard to generate a basic HTML5 module with the required configuration files and dependencies.
• Configure the artifact namespaces: Artifact namespaces are prefixes that are added to the names of the database artifacts that are deployed to the HDI containers. They help to avoid name conflicts and to organize the artifacts in a logical way. You can configure the artifact namespaces in the SAP Web IDE for SAP HANA by editing the .hdiconfig file in the db module of your MTA project. You can also use the namespace template wizard to generate a .hdiconfig file with a default namespace.

The following operations are not possible or not recommended in the SAP Web IDE for SAP HANA:

• Create objects in the SAP HANA repository: The SAP HANA repository is a legacy feature that was used to store and manage design-time artifacts in SAP HANA 1.0. It has been deprecated since SAP HANA 2.0 SPS 02 and replaced by HDI. Therefore, you should not create objects in the SAP HANA repository, but rather use HDI containers and the SAP Web IDE for SAP HANA to develop and deploy database artifacts.
• Choose the supported SAP HANA versions: The SAP Web IDE for SAP HANA does not allow you to choose the supported SAP HANA versions for your MTA project. The supported SAP HANA versions depend on the HDI version and the SAP HANA Cloud Platform, which are determined by the target environment where you deploy your MTA project. You can check the compatibility of the HDI version and the SAP HANA Cloud Platform in the SAP HANA Deployment Infrastructure Reference.

References:

• [SAP HANA Deployment Infrastructure Reference], Chapter 5: HDI with XS Advanced, Section 5.1: Developing with the SAP Web IDE for SAP HANA, pp. 101-106.
• [SAP HANA Platform Documentation], SAP HANA Developer Guide for SAP HANA XS Advanced Model, Chapter 4: Developing HTML5 Applications, Section 4.1: Developing HTML5 Applications Using SAP Web IDE for SAP HANA, pp. 77-82.

SAP HANA 2.0, express edition is a streamlined version of SAP HANA that can run on laptops and other resource-constrained hosts. It supports native SAP HANA application development and can be installed on Linux OS or used as a virtual machine on Microsoft Windows. Installation on Windows Server or Mac OS is not supported by SAP HANA 2.0, express edition. References:

• SAP HANA 2.0 SPS06 - Application Development for SAP HANA1, Section 1.1, p. 5
• SAP HANA, express edition - Installation Guide, Section 1.1, p. 7
• SAP HANA, express edition - FAQ, Question 1