Salesforce PDI Salesforce Certified Platform Developer I (SU24) Exam Practice Test

Universal Containers wants to prevent Opportunities from being edited once they reach the Closed/Won stage. To achieve this, the developer can use the following strategies:

Option A: Use a validation rule.

Correct Approach.

Explanation:

A validation rule can be created on the Opportunity object to prevent users from editing records when the Stage is Closed/Won.

The validation rule would evaluate whether the record's StageName is 'Closed Won' and, if so, display an error message when a user attempts to edit and save the record.

Example Validation Rule:

AND(

ISPICKVAL(StageName, 'Closed Won'),

ISCHANGED(ANYFIELD) // Replace ANYFIELD with specific fields if needed

)

Benefits:

Declarative Solution: No code required.

Consistent Enforcement: Applies across all user interfaces and API.

To improve runtime performance by caching Apex call results on the client, the developer should decorate the server-side method with @AuraEnabled(cacheable=true).

@AuraEnabled(cacheable=true) Annotation:

When applied to an Apex method, it enables the method's results to be cached on the client, improving performance for subsequent calls.

This is especially effective in Lightning Web Components (LWC) and can also be used in Aura components.

"To cache method results, annotate the method with @AuraEnabled(cacheable=true). Methods annotated with cacheable=true are called cached methods."— Lightning Web Components Developer Guide: Call Apex Methods

Why Not Other Options:

A. Call the setStorable() method on the action in the JavaScript client-side code: This approach is used in Aura components but is less efficient and not considered best practice compared to using cacheable=true.

"For improved performance, use @AuraEnabled(cacheable=true) instead of action.setStorable()."— Aura Components Developer Guide: Calling Server-Side Actions

B. Set a cookie in the browser for use upon return to the page: Managing cookies for caching Apex results is not efficient and can lead to security and scalability issues.

C. Decorate the server-side method with @AuraEnabled(storable=true): There is no storable=true parameter for @AuraEnabled. The correct parameter is cacheable=true.

Best Practices:

Use @AuraEnabled(cacheable=true): This is the recommended way to cache Apex method results in Lightning components.

"Apex methods annotated with @AuraEnabled(cacheable=true) are cached on the client and shared across components."— Lightning Web Components Developer Guide: Apex Methods Cache

Conclusion: By decorating the Apex method with @AuraEnabled(cacheable=true), the developer enables client-side caching of the method's results, improving runtime performance in an efficient and recommended way.

Trace Flags in Salesforce are used to set logging levels for various entities to debug and monitor execution. They can be configured for:

Apex Classes (Option C):

You can set a trace flag for a specific Apex class to monitor its execution and debug logs.

When deploying Apex code to production, the following considerations are required:

Option B: All triggers must have at least one line of test coverage.

Explanation:

Salesforce mandates that every trigger has some test coverage.

Option A: Roll-up summary fields can cause the parent record to go through Save.

True.

When a child record changes, roll-up summary fields on the parent object are recalculated.

This causes the parent record to save, which can trigger triggers on the parent object.

Understanding the Scenario:

Trigger Definition:

trigger myTrigger on Contact (before insert) {

MyClass.myStaticMethod(trigger.new);

}

Test Class:

The test method calls MyClass.myStaticMethod directly.

Achieves 81% overall code coverage.

The trigger is not invoked during the test.

Key Points:

Code Coverage Requirements:

Minimum 75% Coverage: To deploy Apex code to production, all Apex classes and triggers must have at least 75% overall code coverage.

Trigger Coverage Requirement: All triggers must have some code coverage, meaning they cannot have 0% coverage.

To associate multiple Engineering_Support__c records to a single Opportunity and display aggregate information on the Opportunity:

Option B: Master-detail field from Engineering_Support__c to Opportunity

Explanation:

Master-Detail Relationship: Creating a master-detail relationship from Engineering_Support__c (detail) to Opportunity (master) allows multiple support records to be related to one Opportunity.

Aggregate Information: Master-detail relationships support roll-up summary fields, enabling aggregate calculations (like COUNT, SUM) on the Opportunity object based on related Engineering_Support__c records.

To back up all data and attachments in a Salesforce org, the standard approach is to use the Data Export Service.

Option B: Define a Data Export scheduled

Correct Answer.

Explanation:

The Data Export Service allows administrators to schedule a weekly or monthly export of all data and attachments.

The exported data can be downloaded as a set of CSV files and attachments in zip format.

Universal Containers (UC) wants to calculate the estimated ship date for an Order, which should be the date when all Order Line Items are available. The availability date is stored on each Order Line Item.

Given that the relationship between Order and Order Line Item is Master-Detail, we can leverage Roll-Up Summary Fields to perform calculations on the child records (Order Line Items) and summarize them on the parent record (Order).

Option A: Use a MAX Roll-Up Summary field on the latest availability date fields.

Correct Approach.

Explanation:

Create a Roll-Up Summary Field on the Order object.

Use the MAX function to calculate the latest availability date among all related Order Line Items.

The Roll-Up Summary Field will display the maximum (latest) availability date, which represents the date when all items are available.

This date can be used as the estimated ship date for the Order since the Order can only be shipped when all items are available.

Benefits:

Declarative Solution: No code required.

Real-Time Calculation: Automatically updates when Order Line Items change.

Option A: An External ID field can be used to reference an ID from another external system.

True.

Explanation:

External IDs are custom fields that have the External ID attribute selected.

They are used to store unique identifiers from external systems, allowing Salesforce to match and integrate data based on external IDs.

When an Opportunity needs to have an amount rolled up from a custom object that is not in a master-detail relationship, the best approach is to:

Option B: Write a trigger on the child object and use an aggregate function to sum the amount for all related child objects under the Opportunity.

Roll-Up Summary Fields Limitation: Roll-up summary fields can only be created on master-detail relationships. Since the custom object is in a lookup relationship with Opportunity (not master-detail), roll-up summary fields are not available.

"Roll-up summary fields can only be created on master-detail relationships."— Salesforce Help: Define Roll-Up Summary Fields

Trigger on Child Object: Writing a trigger on the child object (the custom object) allows you to execute logic whenever a child record is inserted, updated, or deleted.

Aggregate Function: Within the trigger, you can use SOQL aggregate functions (like SUM()) to calculate the total amount of all child records related to the Opportunity and update the parent Opportunity record accordingly.

trigger ChildObjectTrigger on ChildObject__c (after insert, after update, after delete, after undelete) {

Set oppIds = new Set();

if(Trigger.isInsert || Trigger.isUpdate || Trigger.isUndelete){

for(ChildObject__c child : Trigger.new){

oppIds.add(child.Opportunity__c);

}

}

if(Trigger.isDelete){

for(ChildObject__c child : Trigger.old){

oppIds.add(child.Opportunity__c);

}

}

List oppsToUpdate = new List();

for(Id oppId : oppIds){

Decimal totalAmount = [SELECT SUM(Amount__c) FROM ChildObject__c WHERE Opportunity__c = :oppId];

Opportunity opp = new Opportunity(Id = oppId, Total_Child_Amount__c = totalAmount);

oppsToUpdate.add(opp);

}

update oppsToUpdate;

}

Why Other Options Are Incorrect:

Option A: Use the Streaming API to create real-time roll-up summaries.

The Streaming API is designed for receiving notifications of data changes in Salesforce and is not suitable for calculating roll-up summaries.

"The Streaming API enables streaming of events using push technology and provides a subscription mechanism for receiving events in near real time."— Salesforce Developer Guide: Streaming API

Option C: Use the Metadata API to create real-time roll-up summaries.

The Metadata API is used for deploying and retrieving metadata (like custom fields, layouts) between orgs and does not perform data calculations.

"Use Metadata API to retrieve, deploy, create, update, or delete customization information, such as custom object definitions and page layouts, for your org."— Salesforce Developer Guide: Metadata API

Option D: Write a trigger on the Opportunity object and use tree sorting to sum the amount for all related child objects under the Opportunity.

Writing a trigger on the Opportunity object would not effectively capture changes made to child records, as triggers on the parent do not fire when child records are modified.

Tree sorting is not a standard technique in Apex for summing related records.

Conclusion:

Writing a trigger on the child object is the most effective way to sum amounts from child records and update the parent Opportunity when a master-detail relationship is not present.

To check the code coverage of a class after running all tests, a developer can use the Developer Console.

Option B: View the code coverage percentage for the class using the Overall Code Coverage panel in the Developer Console Tests tab.

Correct Method.

Explanation:

In the Developer Console, navigate to the Tests tab.

After running tests, the Overall Code Coverage panel displays code coverage statistics.

You can see the coverage percentage for individual classes.

To ensure Pricing_Structure__c records are available when the test class is executed, the developer can use the following approaches:

Option A: Use a Test Data Factory class.

Valid Approach.

Explanation:

A Test Data Factory class is a utility class that creates test data for use in test methods.

It helps in generating consistent test data and promotes reusability.

The factory class can create the necessary Pricing_Structure__c records for testing.

To check whether the current user has permission to delete an Account, the developer should use the Schema.sObjectType methods.

Option D: Schema.sObjectType.Account.isDeletable()

Correct Method.

Explanation:

The Schema.sObjectType.Account provides describe information about the Account object.

The isDeletable() method returns a Boolean indicating whether the current user has permission to delete records of this type.

Usage:

if (Schema.sObjectType.Account.isDeletable()) {

// User has permission to delete Accounts

delete accountRec;

} else {

// Handle lack of permission

}

Options Not Applicable:

Option A: Account.isDeletable()

No such static method on the Account object.

Option B: accountRec.sObjectType.isDeletable()

sObjectType returns a token; to get describe results, you need to call getDescribe().

Option C: accountRec.isDeletable()

There is no instance method isDeletable() on sObject records.

Conclusion:

To ensure proper permission checks, the developer should use Schema.sObjectType.Account.isDeletable(), which is Option D.

To address the view state limit error caused by loading over 10,000 records in a Visualforce page, the developer should implement pagination with a StandardSetController.

StandardSetController: This controller allows developers to easily paginate large sets of records in Visualforce pages.

"A StandardSetController object contains a reference to a list of records with pagination support, similar to the display in a list view."— Apex Developer Guide: StandardSetController Class

Benefits:

Efficient Data Handling: It retrieves only a subset of records at a time, reducing the amount of data held in view state.

Built-in Pagination: Provides methods to navigate through pages of records (next, previous, etc.).

View State Limit: Visualforce pages have a view state limit of 170KB. Loading all records at once exceeds this limit.

"To optimize your Visualforce pages, minimize your use of view state. The view state of a Visualforce page is limited to 170KB."— Visualforce Developer Guide: View State in Visualforce Pages

Why Not Other Options:

A. Implement pagination with an OffsetController: There's no standard OffsetController in Visualforce. Implementing custom pagination with offsets is less efficient and can be complex.

B. Use JavaScript remoting with SOQL Offset: While JavaScript remoting can reduce view state size, using SOQL OFFSET is not efficient for large offsets (over 2,000 records).

"When using OFFSET with a large number of records, performance degrades significantly."— SOQL and SOSL Reference: OFFSET Clause

D. Use lazy loading and a transient List variable: Lazy loading can help, but it doesn't solve the issue of handling large datasets efficiently. Transient variables reduce view state but do not manage data retrieval or pagination.

Conclusion: Implementing pagination with a StandardSetController is the recommended solution to handle large datasets efficiently in Visualforce pages and prevent view state limit errors.

To update the Timezone__c field on Account based on the Postal Code and values from PostalCodeToTimezone__c:

Option B: Account Trigger

Explanation:

An Apex trigger can query the PostalCodeToTimezone__c object and update the Timezone__c field when the Postal Code is changed.

When writing tests for Apex code that performs callouts to external services, Salesforce requires that callouts are mocked to ensure that tests do not depend on external systems and to allow for consistent and predictable test results.

Correct Option:

Option D: Write a class that implements HttpCalloutMock.

True.

Explanation:

To test HTTP callouts, you implement the HttpCalloutMock interface and provide a fake response for the HTTP request.

This mock response is then used in your test methods to simulate the callout.

The test method uses Test.setMock to set the mock class.

Scenario:

Objects Involved:

Job__c (Master)

Job_Application__c (Detail)

Contact (Related via Master-Detail relationship on Job_Application__c)

Fields:

Preferred_Locations__c (Multi-select picklist on Job__c)

MailingState (Field on Contact)

Requirement:

On Job_Application__c, display whether the Contact's MailingState matches any value in Preferred_Locations__c on the related Job__c.

Keep this value in sync if changes occur to the Contact's MailingState.

Solution:

Option C: Formula field

Correct Approach.

Explanation:

Create a Formula Field on Job_Application__c that compares the Contact's MailingState with the Job's Preferred_Locations__c.

Since Job_Application__c is a detail of Job__c and has a lookup to Contact, the formula can reference fields from both related objects.

Use the INCLUDES() function to check if the MailingState is among the selected values in Preferred_Locations__c.

Sample Formula:

INCLUDES(Job__r.Preferred_Locations__c, Contact__r.MailingState)

This formula returns a Boolean (TRUE or FALSE) indicating whether there's a match.

Benefits:

Real-Time Calculation: Updates automatically when either field changes.

No Code Required: Declarative solution using formula fields.

Maintenance: Easy to manage and update if needed.

To efficiently prevent users (except those with the Sales Manager profile) from changing the Opportunity Status to Closed Lost when the lost reason is blank:

Option D: An error condition formula on a validation rule on Opportunity

Validation rules are designed to enforce data integrity by preventing users from saving records that don't meet certain criteria. They are efficient and declarative.

Validation Rule Formula:

AND(

ISPICKVAL(StageName, "Closed Lost"),

ISBLANK(Lost_Reason__c),

$Profile.Name <> "Sales Manager"

)



Understanding the Issue:

The provided code attempts to update a list of Account records:

public static void insertAccounts(List theseAccounts) {

for(Account thisAccount : theseAccounts) {

if(thisAccount.website == null) {

thisAccount.website = 'https://www.demo.com ';

}

}

update theseAccounts;

}

Problem: A DML exception is thrown when the update statement executes.

Possible Causes:

Some records in theseAccounts may have validation rule failures.

There may be null records within the theseAccounts list.

There could be fields that violate data integrity constraints.

Option Analysis:

Option A: Implement Change Data Capture

Explanation: Change Data Capture (CDC) is used to capture changes to Salesforce records and send notifications.