Netapp NS0-093 NetApp Accredited Hardware Support Engineer Exam Practice Test

 FRUs on FAS9000 Supporting Replacement Without Takeover:

A (I/O Module): I/O modules can be replaced hot (without takeover) to maintain system uptime during hardware servicing.

D (NVRAM Module): NVRAM modules on FAS9000 can also be replaced without a node takeover, ensuring data integrity during replacement.

 Why Other Options Are Incorrect:

B (DCPM Module): The DCPM (Data Center Power Management) module is not hot-swappable and requires a node takeover.

C (Caching Module): The caching module is integrated and typically requires a node takeover or power-down for replacement.

 NetApp Reference Documentation:

Refer to the "NetApp FAS9000 Hardware Service Guide" for supported FRU replacement procedures and operational constraints.

To diagnose a PCI/NMI error and collect logs, use the following commands:

What it does:This command collects PCI error logs, including detailed information about PCI devices and the errors that caused the panic.

How to use:Run the command from the nodeshell to capture the required PCI log entries.

1. pelog –a –g=2

What it does:This command reads the SSRAM log file, which contains low-level error information related to PCI and other hardware subsystems.

How to use:Run the command to view the log entries directly for detailed troubleshooting.

2. rdfile /mroot/etc/log/SSRAM

B. show pci –v:

While this command displays PCI device information, it does not provide detailed error logs.

D. event log show:

This displays event log entries but does not contain the specific PCI or NMI-related logs required for diagnosing the panic.

Why Other Options Are Incorrect:

"ONTAP Hardware Troubleshooting Guide" lists pelog and SSRAM as tools for analyzing PCI errors.

"ONTAP Panic Analysis Guide" emphasizes the importance of collecting detailed hardware logs.

References:

A. Ignoring NetApp Active IQ health risks

Explanation:NetApp Active IQ provides proactive monitoring and alerts for system health risks, including risks related to WAFL inconsistencies. Ignoring these alerts can lead to unresolved issues such as metadata corruption, hardware failures, or system misconfigurations, increasing the chances of WAFL inconsistencies.

Examples of Active IQ Risks:

Disk health warnings.

High write latency or metadata bottlenecks.

Aggregates running out of space.

C. Using outdated disk firmware

Explanation:Outdated disk firmware can cause performance issues, drive failures, or incorrect handling of I/O operations, potentially leading to WAFL inconsistencies. Disk firmware updates often include fixes for critical issues that improve reliability and prevent data corruption.

Importance:Keeping firmware updated ensures compatibility with ONTAP and minimizes risks of disk-level errors that can propagate to WAFL.

Why the Other Options Are Incorrect:

B. Constantly running at high load:

Running at high load can impact performance but does not directly cause WAFL inconsistencies. WAFL is designed to handle high I/O loads efficiently.

D. Upgrading frequently:

Frequent upgrades, when performed correctly, do not increase the chances of WAFL inconsistencies. However, improperly executed upgrades or skipping recommended steps might introduce risks.

References:

NetApp Knowledge Base: Articles on Active IQ health checks and disk firmware management.

ONTAP System Administration Guide: Recommendations for preventing WAFL inconsistencies.

A. NVMEM battery

Explanation:The NVMEM (Non-Volatile Memory) battery is a critical component for retaining data in case of a power failure. It is classified as a Field Replaceable Unit (FRU) in an AFF A220 system.

Replacement Notes:

Replacement can be performed by field engineers.

The system will typically alert you when the battery requires replacement.

B. mSATA boot device

Explanation:The mSATA (mini-SATA) boot device contains the ONTAP operating system and is also a FRU in the AFF A220. It is critical for the system's boot process and can be replaced if it becomes faulty.

Replacement Notes:

Boot devices are easily replaceable while ensuring ONTAP is reinstalled on the new device.

Why the Other Options Are Incorrect:

C. NVMe Flash Cache feature:

Incorrect. NVMe Flash Cache is not a physical FRU but a feature for accelerating read performance. It is implemented via software and NVMe-based SSDs, which are not specifically field replaceable in AFF A220.

D. Chassis fan:

Incorrect. The AFF A220 does not classify chassis fans as FRUs. These are usually part of the cooling system, but their replacement may require system shutdown or is integrated into the design.

References:

NetApp Hardware Documentation: AFF A220 Component Replacement Guide.

NetApp Knowledge Base: Articles on replacing NVMEM batteries and mSATA boot devices.

The following ONTAP systems support both SSD and SAS disks:

Description:

The FAS2750 is part of NetApp's hybrid storage array product line.

It supports both SSDs for performance tiers and SAS disks for capacity tiers, making it suitable for mixed workloads.

1. FAS2750

Description:

The FAS8200 is an enterprise-level storage system that also supports hybrid configurations with both SSD and SAS drives.

This system is designed to handle high performance and capacity needs.

2. FAS8200

A. AFF C190:

The AFF C190 is an all-flash system and only supports SSDs. It does not support SAS disks.

C. AFF A220:

Like the AFF C190, the AFF A220 is also an all-flash system that supports SSDs only.

Why Other Options Are Incorrect:

NetApp "Hardware Universe" confirms drive support for FAS and AFF systems.

NetApp product documentation details supported disk types for hybrid and all-flash systems.

References:

In maintenance mode, the command disk show –v provides detailed information about disk ownership. This includes the current owner, previous owner, and disk health status.

Enter maintenance mode, and run:

How to Use:disk show –v

The output will display ownership information for each disk, including its RAID group and current assignment.

A. sysconfig –v:

This command provides system configuration details but does not show disk ownership.

C. aggr status:

This command shows the status of aggregates, not individual disks or their ownership.

D. storage show disk –p:

This command is not valid in maintenance mode.

Why Other Options Are Incorrect:

NetApp "Maintenance Mode Commands Guide" highlights disk show –v as the command to check disk ownership.

References:

To trigger an AutoSupport message in ONTAP, the following commands are valid:

What it does:This command manually triggers a complete AutoSupport message of type "all." This includes logs and system information from all subsystems.

How to use:

Run the command: autosupport invoke –node –type all

Replace with the name of the node for which you want to generate the AutoSupport message.

Why it's relevant:This is the primary method for triggering a full AutoSupport message manually. It is commonly used during troubleshooting to provide comprehensive system data to NetApp Support.

1. ::> autosupport invoke –node –type all

What it does:This command is specifically used to upload core files (e.g., kernel or user space cores) from a node to NetApp Support for analysis.

How to use:

Run the command: autosupport invoke-core-upload –node .

Replace with the name of the node for which you want to upload core files.

Why it's relevant:If there is a system panic or other critical issue, this command ensures that core files are included in the AutoSupport message for detailed analysis.

2. ::> autosupport invoke-core-upload –node

A. ::> autosupport history show-upload-details –node <nodename>:

This command displays the history of AutoSupport uploads but does not trigger a new AutoSupport.

B. ::> system node coredump upload –node <nodename>:

This command uploads coredumps directly to a support server but does not trigger an AutoSupport message.

Why Other Options Are Incorrect:

"ONTAP 9 AutoSupport Configuration Guide" confirms autosupport invoke as a valid command to trigger AutoSupport messages.

"ONTAP CLI Reference Manual" specifies autosupport invoke-core-upload for core file uploads.

References:

Description:

When a negotiated takeover occurs (e.g., for maintenance or upgrades), NVRAM data is replayed by the HA partner to ensure no data is lost.

Relevance:

This ensures that all pending writes are safely processed by the partner node.

1. During a Negotiated Takeover:

Description:

If a node loses power unexpectedly, the HA partner replays the mirrored NVRAM data to protect active write operations.

2. When the Node Loses Power:

A. after triggering a sync core:

Triggering a sync core does not involve NVRAM replay; it captures the system state for debugging.

B. when a node is halted:

Halting a node does not trigger NVRAM replay unless it is part of a negotiated takeover.

Why Other Options Are Incorrect:

"ONTAP High Availability Guide" explains NVRAM mirroring and replay during failover scenarios.

References:

To reset environment variables to factory settings, the set-defaults command is used. This command clears all customizations and restores the environment variables to their default values.

Command Syntax:At the LOADER prompt, type:

Key Details:arduino

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set-defaults

Effect:This command resets all environment variables (e.g., boot arguments, diagnostic settings) to their original factory defaults.

B. unsetenv all:

This command clears all environment variables, but it does not restore them to factory defaults.

C. setenv factory:

This is not a valid command in NetApp systems.

D. wipeconfig:

This command is used to clear configuration and logs but does not reset environment variables.

Why Other Options Are Incorrect:

NetApp "System Configuration Guide" confirms the use of set-defaults for restoring environment variables to factory settings.

References:

 Overview of IOM 12 Module:

The IOM 12 module is used in NetApp storage shelves for SAS connectivity.

 Key Features of IOM 12:

SAS Ports: The IOM 12 module has four SAS ports (two IN and two OUT) to support daisy-chaining of shelves and provide redundancy.

ACP (Alternate Control Path): The IOM 12 includes an Ethernet port for ACP, which is used for out-of-band management and monitoring of the storage shelves.

 Elimination of Other Options:

Option A is incorrect because the module has four SAS ports, not two.

Option C is incorrect because the module does include an Ethernet port for ACP.

 NetApp Reference Documentation:

"NetApp Hardware Universe" lists the specifications of the IOM 12 module, including its SAS and ACP capabilities.

The "ONTAP Shelf Installation Guide" discusses ACP and its role in shelf management.

 Functionality of RAID Error Propagation (REP):

RAID Error Propagation (REP) ensures that errors on the disk layer, such as unrecoverable read errors, do not propagate as inconsistencies into the WAFL (Write Anywhere File Layout) metadata layer.

WAFL is designed to manage data blocks, and if an error occurs on a user data block, WAFL can identify and handle it gracefully without flagging an inconsistency.

 Why Option A Is Correct:

REP ensures that errors on a user data block are isolated and do not trigger WAFL inconsistencies. Instead, the error is handled at the RAID layer or higher without corrupting metadata.

This design provides a robust mechanism to protect against data integrity issues caused by disk errors.

 NetApp Reference Documentation:

Refer to the "ONTAP Storage Management Guide" and the "NetApp RAID Guide," which explain how RAID and WAFL interoperate and how REP is implemented.

 RAID-TEC Overview:

RAID-TEC (Triple Erasure Coding) is a NetApp RAID technology designed to protect against up to three simultaneous disk failures.

It is ideal for systems with high-density disks or workloads requiring extreme fault tolerance.

 Why RAID-TEC Is Correct:

RAID-TEC uses triple-parity protection, which provides redundancy against three disk failures, making it more resilient than RAID-DP or RAID 5.

RAID-DP only protects against two disk failures, while RAID 4 and RAID 5 protect against a single failure.

 NetApp Reference Documentation:

"NetApp RAID and Data Protection Guide" details the differences between RAID-DP and RAID-TEC, highlighting RAID-TEC's ability to tolerate three failures.

When ONTAP detects a WAFL inconsistency in an aggregate, it automatically generates an AutoSupport message with the description WAFL INCONSISTENT BLOCK.

WAFL INCONSISTENT BLOCK:

This error indicates that WAFL metadata or user data blocks have been found to be inconsistent.

ONTAP triggers an automatic AutoSupport message to notify administrators and NetApp Support.

Key Details:

A. MEDIUM ERROR DURING RECONSTRUCTION:

This error occurs during disk reconstruction, not due to WAFL inconsistencies.

B. CHECKSUM ERROR:

A checksum error indicates a disk-level data integrity issue, not a WAFL inconsistency.

C. WAFL INCONSISTENT USER DATA BLOCK:

While related, this is not the specific AutoSupport message triggered by ONTAP.

Why Other Options Are Incorrect:

NetApp "ONTAP WAFL Troubleshooting Guide" describes AutoSupport messages related to WAFL inconsistencies.

References:

To troubleshoot the root cause of an unexpected controller reboot, the following tools are commonly used:

What it does:Provides monitoring and performance data for the ONTAP cluster, including historical event logs that may help identify the root cause of a reboot.

1. Active IQ Unified Manager

What it does:The CLI allows you to gather logs and status information directly from the affected node. Commands like event log show and system core are essential for identifying the reason behind the reboot.

2. ONTAP CLI

B. Active IQ Digital Advisor:

This tool focuses on predictive analytics and proactive recommendations, not troubleshooting unexpected reboots.

D. ONTAP Mediator:

This tool is used for managing MetroCluster configurations, not for troubleshooting reboots.

E. Active IQ Config Advisor:

This tool checks for configuration best practices but does not provide detailed logs or reboot diagnostics.

Why Other Options Are Incorrect:

NetApp "ONTAP System Management Guide" emphasizes the use of Unified Manager and CLI for troubleshooting system issues.

References:

When an aggregate fails due to multiple disk failures caused by a faulty I/O module (IOM), the first step after replacing the faulty IOM is to manually unfail the affected drives. This process is done in maintenance mode.

Enter Maintenance Mode:

Reboot the node and interrupt the boot process to access maintenance mode.

Identify Failed Drives:

Use the command:

Steps to Recover the Aggregate:sql

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storage show disk –broken

This command lists all failed (broken) drives.

Unfail the Drives:

Use the following command for each failed drive:

php

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disk unfail

Reconstruct the Aggregate:

Once all drives are unfail, the system should begin reconstructing the RAID groups in the aggregate.

A. Use diskcopy from maintenance mode:

Diskcopy is used for cloning or copying data between disks, not for recovering failed aggregates.

B. Run wafliron from the boot_menu:

wafliron is used to repair WAFL inconsistencies, but it does not help recover failed aggregates due to disk issues.

D. Unfail the drives in the order that they failed from the clustershell:

Drives must be unfail in maintenance mode, not from the clustershell.

Why Other Options Are Incorrect:

NetApp’s "Aggregate and RAID Troubleshooting Guide" explains the process of recovering aggregates and using maintenance mode commands.

"ONTAP Disk Recovery Guide" outlines steps to unfail disks and recover RAID groups.

References:

 Reverting to a Previous ONTAP Version:

Reverting ONTAP software requires specific procedures and is only supported if the ONTAP version being reverted to is compatible with the current cluster configuration.

 Why the Netboot Procedure Is Used:

The netboot process loads the desired ONTAP version directly into memory from a network location and reinitializes the system.

This method is used when a full software revert is required and is often necessary for downgrades to a version that cannot be directly reverted to from the running ONTAP version.

 Key Notes:

A direct revert is not supported from ONTAP 9.7 to ONTAP 9.5 using standard methods due to system metadata changes.

Always verify compatibility using the "ONTAP Software Version Interoperability Matrix".

 NetApp Reference Documentation:

Refer to the "ONTAP Revert/Downgrade Guide" for specific instructions on using the netboot procedure.

In a NetApp high-availability (HA) configuration, multipath HA ensures redundancy by providing two independent paths from each controller to the connected storage. If the system is currently showing Single-Path HA, it means only one path is operational or connected, which is a potential single point of failure.

To convert the configuration to multipath HA, additional cabling must be configured to establish the second path. For the AFF A220 system, the correct connections are as follows:

Explanation of the Correct Answer:

AFF A220 Port Configuration for HA:

Each controller in an AFF A220 has ports labeled 0a, 0b, 0c, and 0d for connectivity.

In a multipath HA configuration, each controller must have two independent paths to the connected storage via the partner controller's disk shelves.

Correct Cabling for Multipath HA:

Port 0a on both controllers must be connected to the corresponding port (e.g., disk shelf stack or Inter-Switch Link).

Port 0c on both controllers must also be connected to complete the redundant path.

These connections ensure that there are two independent data paths between the controllers and the storage system, providing fault tolerance in case one path fails.

Single-Path HA to Multipath HA:

If the system currently shows Single-Path HA, it is likely that only one set of ports (e.g., 0a and 0b) are cabled.

Adding the additional connections on 0a and 0c establishes the second path required for multipath HA.

Why the Other Options Are Incorrect:

A. 0a and 0b on both controllers should be connected:

This option only connects ports 0a and 0b, which does not establish a multipath HA configuration. Port 0c is also required for redundancy.

C. 0c and 0d on both controllers should be connected:

Connecting only 0c and 0d would leave ports 0a disconnected, failing to establish a proper multipath HA setup. Both 0a and 0c are required.

D. 0a and 0d on both controllers should be connected:

Connecting 0a and 0d is not the standard configuration for multipath HA in an AFF A220 system. Port 0c is part of the required configuration.

How to Verify the Configuration:

Use the following ONTAP command to verify the HA status:

cluster::> storage failover show -fields multipath-ha

This will display whether the system is in multipath HA or single-path HA mode.

Check the port connectivity:

cluster::> network port show -node

References:

NetApp Hardware Installation and Setup Guide for AFF A220.

NetApp Knowledge Base: "Configuring Multipath HA for AFF Systems."

ONTAP 9.x System Administration Guide: "High Availability Configurations."

 Understanding Single-Path HA vs. Multipath HA:

Single-Path HA indicates that only one path exists between the controllers and the connected shelves, leading to limited redundancy.

Multipath HA requires both controllers to have redundant SAS connections to the shelves.

 Cabling for Multipath HA in AFF A220 Systems:

To achieve multipath HA, you must connect 0c and 0d on both controllers to the appropriate stack ports on the shelves.

This ensures dual paths for each controller to access the storage shelves.

 NetApp Reference Documentation:

Refer to the "ONTAP Multipath HA Configuration Guide" and the "NetApp Hardware Installation Guide" for AFF A220 systems for cabling diagrams and best practices.

On a FAS9000 system running ONTAP 9.12.1, the kernel core file is stored on the root aggregate. This is the default location where ONTAP writes kernel core files for system-level failures.

The root aggregate is the aggregate that contains the root volume for a given node in the cluster. This aggregate is used for critical system files and logs, including kernel core files.

When a kernel panic or other critical failure occurs, the core dump is written to the root aggregate for later analysis by NetApp Support.

Key Details:

A. on the partner root aggregate: The partner root aggregate is not used for storing core files unless explicitly configured (which is not the default behavior).

C. on the mailbox disk: The mailbox disk is used for cluster quorum and configuration information, not for storing core files.

D. on the boot device: The boot device contains ONTAP software and boot files but does not store kernel core dumps.

"ONTAP System Administration Guide" specifies that core files are stored on the root aggregate.

NetApp’s "Troubleshooting and Diagnostics Guide" confirms the default behavior for kernel core file storage.

Why Other Options Are Incorrect:References: