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IAPP CIPT Certified Information Privacy Technologist Exam Practice Test

Demo: 66 questions
Total 220 questions

Certified Information Privacy Technologist Questions and Answers

Question 1

What logs should an application server retain in order to prevent phishing attacks while minimizing data retention?

Options:

A.

Limited-retention, de-identified logs including only metadata.

B.

Limited-retention, de-identified logs including the links clicked in messages as well as metadata.

C.

Limited-retention logs including the identity of parties sending and receiving messages as well as metadata.

D.

Limited-retention logs including the links clicked in messages, the identity of parties sending and receiving them, as well as metadata.

Question 2

Which is the most accurate type of biometrics?

Options:

A.

DNA

B.

Voiceprint.

C.

Fingerprint.

D.

Facial recognition.

Question 3

An organization is reliant on temporary contractors for performing data analytics and they require access to personal data via software-as-a-service to perform their job. When the temporary contractor completes their work assignment, what woul^.be the most effective way to safeguard privacy and access to personal data when they leave?

Options:

A.

Set a system-based expiry that requires management reauthorization for online access for accounts that have been active more than 6 months.

B.

Establish a predetermined automatic account expiration date based on contract timescales.

C.

Require temporary contractors to sign a non-disclosure agreement, security acceptable use policy, and online access authorizations by hiring managers.

D.

Mandate hiring managers to email IT or Security team when the contractor leaves.

Question 4

Which of the following is a privacy consideration for NOT sending large-scale SPAM type emails to a database of email addresses?

Options:

A.

Poor user experience.

B.

Emails are unsolicited.

C.

Data breach notification.

D.

Reduction in email deliverability score.

Question 5

Information classification helps an organization protect confidential and nonpublic information primarily because?

Options:

A.

It helps identify sensitive and critical information that require very strict safeguards.

B.

It falls under the security principles of confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

C.

It promotes employee accountability for safeguarding confidential information.

D.

It is legally required under most regulations.

Question 6

An EU marketing company is planning to make use of personal data captured to make automated decisions based on profiling. In some cases, processing and automated decisions may have a legal effect on individuals, such as credit worthiness.

When evaluating the implementation of systems making automated decisions, in which situation would the company have to accommodate an individual’s right NOT to be subject to such processing to ensure compliance under the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)?

Options:

A.

When an individual’s legal status or rights are not affected by the decision.

B.

When there is no human intervention or influence in the decision-making process.

C.

When the individual has given explicit consent to such processing and suitable safeguards exist.

D.

When the decision is necessary for entering into a contract and the individual can contest the decision.

Question 7

How does k-anonymity help to protect privacy in micro data sets?

Options:

A.

By ensuring that every record in a set is part of a group of "k" records having similar identifying information.

B.

By switching values between records in order to preserve most statistics while still maintaining privacy.

C.

By adding sufficient noise to the data in order to hide the impact of any one individual.

D.

By top-coding all age data above a value of "k."

Question 8

SCENARIO

Looking back at your first two years as the Director of Personal Information Protection and Compliance for the Berry Country Regional Medical Center in Thorn Bay, Ontario, Canada, you see a parade of accomplishments, from developing state-of-the-art simulation based training for employees on privacy protection to establishing an interactive medical records system that is accessible by patients as well as by the medical personnel. Now, however, a question you have put off looms large: how do we manage all the data-not only records produced recently, but those still on hand from years ago? A data flow diagram generated last year shows multiple servers, databases, and work stations, many of which hold files that have not yet been incorporated into the new records system. While most of this data is encrypted, its persistence may pose security and compliance concerns. The situation is further complicated by several long-term studies being conducted by the medical staff using patient information. Having recently reviewed the major Canadian privacy regulations, you want to make certain that the medical center is observing them.

You also recall a recent visit to the Records Storage Section, often termed “The Dungeon” in the basement of the old hospital next to the modern facility, where you noticed a multitude of paper records. Some of these were in crates marked by years, medical condition or alphabetically by patient name, while others were in undifferentiated bundles on shelves and on the floor. The back shelves of the section housed data tapes and old hard drives that were often unlabeled but appeared to be years old. On your way out of the dungeon, you noticed just ahead of you a small man in a lab coat who you did not recognize. He carried a batch of folders under his arm, apparently records he had removed from storage.

Which data lifecycle phase needs the most attention at this Ontario medical center?

Options:

A.

Retention

B.

Disclosure

C.

Collection

D.

Use

Question 9

SCENARIO

Clean-Q is a company that offers house-hold and office cleaning services. The company receives requests from consumers via their website and telephone, to book cleaning services. Based on the type and size of service, Clean-Q then contracts individuals that are registered on its resource database - currently managed in-house by Clean-Q IT Support. Because of Clean-Q's business model, resources are contracted as needed instead of permanently employed.

The table below indicates some of the personal information Clean-Q requires as part of its business operations:

Clean-Q has an internal employee base of about 30 people. A recent privacy compliance exercise has been conducted to align employee data management and human resource functions with applicable data protection regulation. Therefore, the Clean-Q permanent employee base is not included as part of this scenario.

With an increase in construction work and housing developments, Clean-Q has had an influx of requests for cleaning services. The demand has overwhelmed Clean-Q's traditional supply and demand system that has caused some overlapping bookings.

Ina business strategy session held by senior management recently, Clear-Q invited vendors to present potential solutions to their current operational issues. These vendors included Application developers and Cloud-Q’s solution providers, presenting their proposed solutions and platforms.

The Managing Director opted to initiate the process to integrate Clean-Q's operations with a cloud solution (LeadOps) that will provide the following solution one single online platform: A web interface that Clean-Q accesses for the purposes of resource and customer management. This would entail uploading resource and customer information.

    A customer facing web interface that enables customers to register, manage and submit cleaning service requests online.

    A resource facing web interface that enables resources to apply and manage their assigned jobs.

    An online payment facility for customers to pay for services.

If Clean-Q were to utilize LeadOps' services, what is a contract clause that may be included in the agreement entered into with LeadOps?

Options:

A.

A provision that holds LeadOps liable for a data breach involving Clean-Q's information.

B.

A provision prescribing technical and organizational controls that LeadOps must implement.

C.

A provision that requires LeadOps to notify Clean-Q of any suspected breaches of information that involves customer or resource information managed on behalf of Clean-Q.

D.

A provision that allows Clean-Q to conduct audits of LeadOps’ information processing and information security environment, at LeadOps’ cost and at any time that Clean-Q requires.

Question 10

SCENARIO

Please use the following to answer the next question:

Jordan just joined a fitness-tracker start-up based in California, USA, as its first Information Privacy and Security Officer. The company is quickly growing its business but does not sell any of the fitness trackers itself. Instead, it relies on a distribution network of third-party retailers in all major countries. Despite not having any stores, the company has a 78% market share in the EU. It has a website presenting the company and products, and a member section where customers can access their information. Only the email address and physical address need to be provided as part of the registration process in order to customize the site to the user’s region and country. There is also a newsletter sent every month to all members featuring fitness tips, nutrition advice, product spotlights from partner companies based on user behavior and preferences.

Jordan says the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) does not apply to the company. He says the company is not established in the EU, nor does it have a processor in the region. Furthermore, it does not do any “offering goods or services” in the EU since it does not do any marketing there, nor sell to consumers directly. Jordan argues that it is the customers who chose to buy the products on their own initiative and there is no “offering” from the company.

The fitness trackers incorporate advanced features such as sleep tracking, GPS tracking, heart rate monitoring. wireless syncing, calorie-counting and step-tracking. The watch must be paired with either a smartphone or a computer in order to collect data on sleep levels, heart rates, etc. All information from the device must be sent to the company’s servers in order to be processed, and then the results are sent to the smartphone or computer. Jordan argues that there is no personal information involved since the company does not collect banking or social security information.

Why is Jordan’s claim that the company does not collect personal information as identified by the GDPR inaccurate?

Options:

A.

The potential customers must browse for products online.

B.

The fitness trackers capture sleep and heart rate data to monitor an individual’s behavior.

C.

The website collects the customers’ and users’ region and country information.

D.

The customers must pair their fitness trackers to either smartphones or computers.

Question 11

Revocation and reissuing of compromised credentials is impossible for which of the following authentication techniques?

Options:

A.

Biometric data.

B.

Picture passwords.

C.

Personal identification number.

D.

Radio frequency identification.

Question 12

Which of the following CANNOT be effectively determined during a code audit?

Options:

A.

Whether access control logic is recommended in all cases.

B.

Whether data is being incorrectly shared with a third-party.

C.

Whether consent is durably recorded in the case of a server crash.

D.

Whether the differential privacy implementation correctly anonymizes data.

Question 13

SCENARIO

Please use the following to answer the next question:

Chuck, a compliance auditor for a consulting firm focusing on healthcare clients, was required to travel to the client’s office to perform an onsite review of the client’s operations. He rented a car from Finley Motors upon arrival at the airport as so he could commute to and from the client’s office. The car rental agreement was electronically signed by Chuck and included his name, address, driver’s license, make/model of the car, billing rate, and additional details describing the rental transaction. On the second night, Chuck was caught by a red light camera not stopping at an intersection on his way to dinner. Chuck returned the car back to the car rental agency at the end week without mentioning the infraction and Finley Motors emailed a copy of the final receipt to the address on file.

Local law enforcement later reviewed the red light camera footage. As Finley Motors is the registered owner of the car, a notice was sent to them indicating the infraction and fine incurred. This notice included the license plate number, occurrence date and time, a photograph of the driver, and a web portal link to a video clip of the violation for further review. Finley Motors, however, was not responsible for the violation as they were not driving the car at the time and transferred the incident to AMP Payment Resources for further review. AMP Payment Resources identified Chuck as the driver based on the rental agreement he signed when picking up the car and then contacted Chuck directly through a written letter regarding the infraction to collect the fine.

After reviewing the incident through the AMP Payment Resources’ web portal, Chuck paid the fine using his personal credit card. Two weeks later, Finley Motors sent Chuck an email promotion offering 10% off a future rental.

What is the strongest method for authenticating Chuck’s identity prior to allowing access to his violation information through the AMP Payment Resources web portal?

Options:

A.

By requiring Chuck use the last 4 digits of his driver’s license number in combination with a unique PIN provided within the violation notice.

B.

By requiring Chuck use his credit card number in combination with the last 4 digits of his driver’s license.

C.

By requiring Chuck use the rental agreement number in combination with his email address.

D.

By requiring Chuck to call AMP Payment Resources directly and provide his date of birth and home address.

Question 14

SCENARIO

Kyle is a new security compliance manager who will be responsible for coordinating and executing controls to ensure compliance with the company's information security policy and industry standards. Kyle is also new to the company, where collaboration is a core value. On his first day of new-hire orientation, Kyle's schedule included participating in meetings and observing work in the IT and compliance departments.

Kyle spent the morning in the IT department, where the CIO welcomed him and explained that her department was responsible for IT governance. The CIO and Kyle engaged in a conversation about the importance of identifying meaningful IT governance metrics. Following their conversation, the CIO introduced Kyle to Ted and Barney. Ted is implementing a plan to encrypt data at the transportation level of the organization's wireless network. Kyle would need to get up to speed on the project and suggest ways to monitor effectiveness once the implementation was complete. Barney explained that his short-term goals are to establish rules governing where data can be placed and to minimize the use of offline data storage.

Kyle spent the afternoon with Jill, a compliance specialist, and learned that she was exploring an initiative for a compliance program to follow self-regulatory privacy principles. Thanks to a recent internship, Kyle had some experience in this area and knew where Jill could find some support. Jill also shared results of the company’s privacy risk assessment, noting that the secondary use of personal information was considered a high risk.

By the end of the day, Kyle was very excited about his new job and his new company. In fact, he learned about an open position for someone with strong qualifications and experience with access privileges, project standards board approval processes, and application-level obligations, and couldn’t wait to recommend his friend Ben who would be perfect for the job.

Which data practice is Barney most likely focused on improving?

Options:

A.

Deletion

B.

Inventory.

C.

Retention.

D.

Sharing

Question 15

SCENARIO

WebTracker Limited is a cloud-based online marketing service located in London. Last year, WebTracker migrated its IT infrastructure to the cloud provider AmaZure, which provides SQL Databases and Artificial Intelligence services to WebTracker. The roles and responsibilities between the two companies have been formalized in a standard contract, which includes allocating the role of data controller to WebTracker.

The CEO of WebTracker, Mr. Bond, would like to assess the effectiveness of AmaZure's privacy controls, and he recently decided to hire you as an independent auditor. The scope of the engagement is limited only to the marketing services provided by WebTracker, you will not be evaluating any internal data processing activity, such as HR or Payroll.

This ad-hoc audit was triggered due to a future partnership between WebTracker and SmartHome — a partnership that will not require any data sharing. SmartHome is based in the USA, and most recently has dedicated substantial resources to developing smart refrigerators that can suggest the recommended daily calorie intake based on DNA information. This and other personal data is collected by WebTracker.

To get an idea of the scope of work involved, you have decided to start reviewing the company's documentation and interviewing key staff to understand potential privacy risks.

The results of this initial work include the following notes:

    There are several typos in the current privacy notice of WebTracker, and you were not able to find the privacy notice for SmartHome.

    You were unable to identify all the sub-processors working for SmartHome. No subcontractor is indicated in the cloud agreement with AmaZure, which is responsible for the support and maintenance of the cloud infrastructure.

    There are data flows representing personal data being collected from the internal employees of WebTracker, including an interface from the HR system.

    Part of the DNA data collected by WebTracker was from employees, as this was a prototype approved by the CEO of WebTracker.

    All the WebTracker and SmartHome customers are based in USA and Canada.

Based on the initial assessment and review of the available data flows, which of the following would be the most important privacy risk you should investigate first?

Options:

A.

Verify that WebTracker's HR and Payroll systems implement the current privacy notice (after the typos are fixed).

B.

Review the list of subcontractors employed by AmaZure and ensure these are included in the formal agreement with WebTracker.

C.

Evaluate and review the basis for processing employees’ personal data in the context of the prototype created by WebTracker and approved by the CEO.

D.

Confirm whether the data transfer from London to the USA has been fully approved by AmaZure and the appropriate institutions in the USA and the European Union.

Question 16

What would be an example of an organization transferring the risks associated with a data breach?

Options:

A.

Using a third-party service to process credit card transactions.

B.

Encrypting sensitive personal data during collection and storage

C.

Purchasing insurance to cover the organization in case of a breach.

D.

Applying industry standard data handling practices to the organization’ practices.

Question 17

Which of the following activities would be considered the best method for an organization to achieve the privacy principle of data quality'?

Options:

A.

Clash customer information with information from a data broker

B.

Build a system with user access controls and approval workflows to edit customer data

C.

Set a privacy notice covering the purpose for collection of a customer's data

D.

Provide a customer with a copy of their data in a machine-readable format

Question 18

An organization has recently experienced a data breach where large amounts of personal data were compromised. As part of a post-incident review, the privacy technologist wants to analyze available data to understand what vulnerabilities may have contributed to the incident occurring. He learns that a key vulnerability had been flagged by the system but that detective controls were not operating effectively. Which type of web application security risk does this finding most likely point to?

Options:

A.

Insecure Design.

B.

Misconfiguration.

C.

Vulnerable and Outdated Components.

D.

Logging and Monitoring Failures.

Question 19

SCENARIO

Kyle is a new security compliance manager who will be responsible for coordinating and executing controls to ensure compliance with the company's information security policy and industry standards. Kyle is also new to the company, where collaboration is a core value. On his first day of new-hire orientation, Kyle's schedule included participating in meetings and observing work in the IT and compliance departments.

Kyle spent the morning in the IT department, where the CIO welcomed him and explained that her department was responsible for IT governance. The CIO and Kyle engaged in a conversation about the importance of identifying meaningful IT governance metrics. Following their conversation, the CIO introduced Kyle to Ted and Barney. Ted is implementing a plan to encrypt data at the transportation level of the organization's wireless network. Kyle would need to get up to speed on the project and suggest ways to monitor effectiveness once the implementation was complete. Barney explained that his short-term goals are to establish rules governing where data can be placed and to minimize the use of offline data storage.

Kyle spent the afternoon with Jill, a compliance specialist, and learned that she was exploring an initiative for a compliance program to follow self-regulatory privacy principles. Thanks to a recent internship, Kyle had some experience in this area and knew where Jill could find some support. Jill also shared results of the company’s privacy risk assessment, noting that the secondary use of personal information was considered a high risk.

By the end of the day, Kyle was very excited about his new job and his new company. In fact, he learned about an open position for someone with strong qualifications and experience with access privileges, project standards board approval processes, and application-level obligations, and couldn’t wait to recommend his friend Ben who would be perfect for the job.

Which of the following should Kyle recommend to Jill as the best source of support for her initiative?

Options:

A.

Investors.

B.

Regulators.

C.

Industry groups.

D.

Corporate researchers.

Question 20

Why is first-party web tracking very difficult to prevent?

Options:

A.

The available tools to block tracking would break most sites’ functionality.

B.

Consumers enjoy the many benefits they receive from targeted advertising.

C.

Regulatory frameworks are not concerned with web tracking.

D.

Most browsers do not support automatic blocking.

Question 21

A key principle of an effective privacy policy is that it should be?

Options:

A.

Written in enough detail to cover the majority of likely scenarios.

B.

Made general enough to maximize flexibility in its application.

C.

Presented with external parties as the intended audience.

D.

Designed primarily by the organization's lawyers.

Question 22

SCENARIO

It should be the most secure location housing data in all of Europe, if not the world. The Global Finance Data Collective (GFDC) stores financial information and other types of client data from large banks, insurance companies, multinational corporations and governmental agencies. After a long climb on a mountain road that leads only to the facility, you arrive at the security booth. Your credentials are checked and checked again by the guard to visually verify that you are the person pictured on your passport and national identification card. You are led down a long corridor with server rooms on each side, secured by combination locks built into the doors. You climb a flight of stairs and are led into an office that is lighted brilliantly by skylights where the GFDC Director of Security, Dr. Monique Batch, greets you. On the far wall you notice a bank of video screens showing different rooms in the facility. At the far end, several screens show different sections of the road up the mountain

Dr. Batch explains once again your mission. As a data security auditor and consultant, it is a dream assignment: The GFDC does not want simply adequate controls, but the best and most effective security that current technologies allow.

“We were hacked twice last year,” Dr. Batch says, “and although only a small number of records were stolen, the bad press impacted our business. Our clients count on us to provide security that is nothing short of impenetrable and to do so quietly. We hope to never make the news again.” She notes that it is also essential that the facility is in compliance with all relevant security regulations and standards.

You have been asked to verify compliance as well as to evaluate all current security controls and security measures, including data encryption methods, authentication controls and the safest methods for transferring data into and out of the facility. As you prepare to begin your analysis, you find yourself considering an intriguing question: Can these people be sure that I am who I say I am?

You are shown to the office made available to you and are provided with system login information, including the name of the wireless network and a wireless key. Still pondering, you attempt to pull up the facility's wireless network, but no networks appear in the wireless list. When you search for the wireless network by name, however it is readily found.

Why would you recommend that GFC use record encryption rather than disk, file or table encryption?

Options:

A.

Record encryption is asymmetric, a stronger control measure.

B.

Record encryption is granular, limiting the damage of potential breaches.

C.

Record encryption involves tag masking, so its metadata cannot be decrypted

D.

Record encryption allows for encryption of personal data only.

Question 23

What is the main reason a company relies on implied consent instead of explicit consent from a user to process her data?

Options:

A.

The implied consent model provides the user with more detailed data collection information.

B.

To secure explicit consent, a user's website browsing would be significantly disrupted.

C.

An explicit consent model is more expensive to implement.

D.

Regulators prefer the implied consent model.

Question 24

Data oriented strategies Include which of the following?

Options:

A.

Minimize. Separate, Abstract, Hide.

B.

Inform, Control, Enforce, Demonstrate.

C.

Encryption, Hashing, Obfuscation, Randomization.

D.

Consent. Contract, Legal Obligation, Legitimate interests.

Question 25

SCENARIO

WebTracker Limited is a cloud-based online marketing service located in London. Last year, WebTracker migrated its IT infrastructure to the cloud provider AmaZure, which provides SQL Databases and Artificial Intelligence services to WebTracker. The roles and responsibilities between the two companies have been formalized in a standard contract, which includes allocating the role of data controller to WebTracker.

The CEO of WebTracker, Mr. Bond, would like to assess the effectiveness of AmaZure's privacy controls, and he recently decided to hire you as an independent auditor. The scope of the engagement is limited only to the marketing services provided by WebTracker, you will not be evaluating any internal data processing activity, such as HR or Payroll.

This ad-hoc audit was triggered due to a future partnership between WebTracker and SmartHome — a partnership that will not require any data sharing. SmartHome is based in the USA, and most recently has dedicated substantial resources to developing smart refrigerators that can suggest the recommended daily calorie intake based on DNA information. This and other personal data is collected by WebTracker.

To get an idea of the scope of work involved, you have decided to start reviewing the company's documentation and interviewing key staff to understand potential privacy risks.

The results of this initial work include the following notes:

    There are several typos in the current privacy notice of WebTracker, and you were not able to find the privacy notice for SmartHome.

    You were unable to identify all the sub-processors working for SmartHome. No subcontractor is indicated in the cloud agreement with AmaZure, which is responsible for the support and maintenance of the cloud infrastructure.

    There are data flows representing personal data being collected from the internal employees of WebTracker, including an interface from the HR system.

    Part of the DNA data collected by WebTracker was from employees, as this was a prototype approved by the CEO of WebTracker.

    All the WebTracker and SmartHome customers are based in USA and Canada.

Which of the following issues is most likely to require an investigation by the Chief Privacy Officer (CPO) of WebTracker?

Options:

A.

Data flows use encryption for data at rest, as defined by the IT manager.

B.

AmaZure sends newsletter to WebTracker customers, as approved by the Marketing Manager.

C.

Employees’ personal data are being stored in a cloud HR system, as approved by the HR Manager.

D.

File Integrity Monitoring is being deployed in SQL servers, as indicated by the IT Architect Manager.

Question 26

A BaaS provider backs up the corporate data and stores it in an outsider provider under contract with the organization. A researcher notifies the organization that he found unsecured data in the cloud. The organization looked into the issue and realized $ne of its backups was misconfigured on the outside provider's cloud and the data fully exposed to the open internet. They quickly secured the backup. Which is the best next step the organization should take?

Options:

A.

Review the content of the data exposed.

B.

Review its contract with the outside provider.

C.

Investigate how the researcher discovered the unsecured data.

D.

Investigate using alternate BaaS providers or on-premise backup systems.

Question 27

All of the following can be indications of a ransomware attack EXCEPT?

Options:

A.

The inability to access certain files.

B.

An increased amount of spam email in an individual's inbox.

C.

An increase in activity of the CPU of a computer for no apparent reason.

D.

The detection of suspicious network communications between the ransomware and the attacker's command and control servers.

Question 28

Which of the following entities would most likely be exempt from complying with the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)?

Options:

A.

A South American company that regularly collects European customers’ personal data.

B.

A company that stores all customer data in Australia and is headquartered in a European Union (EU) member state.

C.

A Chinese company that has opened a satellite office in a European Union (EU) member state to service European customers.

D.

A North American company servicing customers in South Africa that uses a cloud storage system made by a European company.

Question 29

An organization's customers have suffered a number of data breaches through successful social engineering attacks. One potential solution to remediate and prevent future occurrences would be to implement which of the following?

Options:

A.

Differential identifiability.

B.

Multi-factor authentication.

C.

Greater password complexity.

D.

Attribute-based access control.

Question 30

What is the main function of the Amnesic Incognito Live System or TAILS device?

Options:

A.

It allows the user to run a self-contained computer from a USB device.

B.

It accesses systems with a credential that leaves no discernable tracks.

C.

It encrypts data stored on any computer on a network.

D.

It causes a system to suspend its security protocols.

Question 31

Which of the following is the most important action to take prior to collecting personal data directly from a customer?

Options:

A.

Define what data needs to be collected.

B.

Define the purpose for collecting and using the data.

C.

Identify business requirements for the data that will be collected.

D.

Provide individuals with information about how their data will be used after collection.

Question 32

What is the main benefit of using a private cloud?

Options:

A.

The ability to use a backup system for personal files.

B.

The ability to outsource data support to a third party.

C.

The ability to restrict data access to employees and contractors.

D.

The ability to cut costs for storing, maintaining, and accessing data.

Question 33

SCENARIO

Please use the following to answer next question:

EnsureClaim is developing a mobile app platform for managing data used for assessing car accident insurance claims. Individuals use the app to take pictures at the crash site, eliminating the need for a built-in vehicle camera. EnsureClaim uses a third-party hosting provider to store data collected by the app. EnsureClaim customer service employees also receive and review app data before sharing with insurance claim adjusters.

The app collects the following information:

First and last name

Date of birth (DOB)

Mailing address

Email address

Car VIN number

Car model

License plate

Insurance card number

Photo

Vehicle diagnostics

Geolocation

What IT architecture would be most appropriate for this mobile platform?

Options:

A.

Peer-to-peer architecture.

B.

Client-server architecture.

C.

Plug-in-based architecture.

D.

Service-oriented architecture.

Question 34

What is typically NOT performed by sophisticated Access Management (AM) techniques?

Options:

A.

Restricting access to data based on location.

B.

Restricting access to data based on user role.

C.

Preventing certain types of devices from accessing data.

D.

Preventing data from being placed in unprotected storage.

Question 35

SCENARIO

Carol was a U.S.-based glassmaker who sold her work at art festivals. She kept things simple by only accepting cash and personal checks.

As business grew, Carol couldn't keep up with demand, and traveling to festivals became burdensome. Carol opened a small boutique and hired Sam to run it while she worked in the studio. Sam was a natural salesperson, and business doubled. Carol told Sam, “I don't know what you are doing, but keep doing it!"

But months later, the gift shop was in chaos. Carol realized that Sam needed help so she hired Jane, who had business expertise and could handle the back-office tasks. Sam would continue to focus on sales. Carol gave Jane a few weeks to get acquainted with the artisan craft business, and then scheduled a meeting for the three of them to discuss Jane's first impressions.

At the meeting, Carol could not wait to hear Jane's thoughts, but she was unprepared for what Jane had to say. “Carol, I know that he doesn't realize it, but some of Sam’s efforts to increase sales have put you in a vulnerable position. You are not protecting customers’ personal information like you should.”

Sam said, “I am protecting our information. I keep it in the safe with our bank deposit. It's only a list of customers’ names, addresses and phone numbers that I get from their checks before I deposit them. I contact them when you finish a piece that I think they would like. That's the only information I have! The only other thing I do is post photos and information about your work on the photo sharing site that I use with family and friends. I provide my email address and people send me their information if they want to see more of your work. Posting online really helps sales, Carol. In fact, the only complaint I hear is about having to come into the shop to make a purchase.”

Carol replied, “Jane, that doesn’t sound so bad. Could you just fix things and help us to post even more online?"

‘I can," said Jane. “But it's not quite that simple. I need to set up a new program to make sure that we follow the best practices in data management. And I am concerned for our customers. They should be able to manage how we use their personal information. We also should develop a social media strategy.”

Sam and Jane worked hard during the following year. One of the decisions they made was to contract with an outside vendor to manage online sales. At the end of the year, Carol shared some exciting news. “Sam and Jane, you have done such a great job that one of the biggest names in the glass business wants to buy us out! And Jane, they want to talk to you about merging all of our customer and vendor information with theirs beforehand."

What type of principles would be the best guide for Jane's ideas regarding a new data management program?

Options:

A.

Collection limitation principles.

B.

Vendor management principles.

C.

Incident preparedness principles.

D.

Fair Information Practice Principles

Question 36

Which of the following would be the best method of ensuring that Information Technology projects follow Privacy by Design (PbD) principles?

Options:

A.

Develop a technical privacy framework that integrates with the development lifecycle.

B.

Utilize Privacy Enhancing Technologies (PETs) as a part of product risk assessment and management.

C.

Identify the privacy requirements as a part of the Privacy Impact Assessment (PIA) process during development and evaluation stages.

D.

Develop training programs that aid the developers in understanding how to turn privacy requirements into actionable code and design level specifications.

Question 37

A user who owns a resource wants to give other individuals access to the resource. What control would apply?

Options:

A.

Mandatory access control.

B.

Role-based access controls.

C.

Discretionary access control.

D.

Context of authority controls.

Question 38

Ivan is a nurse for a home healthcare service provider in the US. The company has implemented a mobile application which Ivan uses to record a patient's vital statistics and access a patient's health care records during home visits. During one visitj^van is unable to access the health care application to record the patient's vitals. He instead records the information on his mobile phone's note-taking application to enter the data in the health care application the next time it is accessible. What would be the best course of action by the IT department to ensure the data is protected on his device?

Options:

A.

Provide all healthcare employees with mandatory annual security awareness training with a focus on the health

information protection.

B.

Complete a SWOT analysis exercise on the mobile application to identify what caused the application to be

inaccessible and remediate any issues.

C.

Adopt mobile platform standards to ensure that only mobile devices that support encryption capabilities are used.

D.

Implement Mobile Device Management (MDM) to enforce company security policies and configuration settings.

Question 39

What is the main benefit of using dummy data during software testing?

Options:

A.

The data comes in a format convenient for testing.

B.

Statistical disclosure controls are applied to the data.

C.

The data enables the suppression of particular values in a set.

D.

Developers do not need special privacy training to test the software.

Question 40

Which of the following is most important to provide to the data subject before the collection phase of the data lifecycle?

Options:

A.

Privacy Notice.

B.

Disclosure Policy.

C.

Consent Request.

D.

Data Protection Policy.

Question 41

When writing security policies, the most important consideration is to?

Options:

A.

Require all employees to read and acknowledge their understanding.

B.

Ensure they are based on the organization's risk profile.

C.

Ensure they cover enough details for common situations.

D.

Follow industry best practices.

Question 42

Which of the following does NOT illustrate the ‘respect to user privacy’ principle?

Options:

A.

Implementing privacy elements within the user interface that facilitate the use of technology by any visually-challenged users.

B.

Enabling Data Subject Access Request (DSARs) that provide rights for correction, deletion, amendment and rectification of personal information.

C.

Developing a consent management self-service portal that enables the data subjects to review the details of consent provided to an organization.

D.

Filing breach notification paperwork with data protection authorities which detail the impact to data subjects.

Question 43

What is the main reason the Do Not Track (DNT) header is not acknowledged by more companies?

Options:

A.

Most web browsers incorporate the DNT feature.

B.

The financial penalties for violating DNT guidelines are too high.

C.

There is a lack of consensus about what the DNT header should mean.

D.

It has been difficult to solve the technological challenges surrounding DNT.

Question 44

Under the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA), releasing personally identifiable information from a student's educational record requires written permission from the parent or eligible student in order for information to be?

Options:

A.

Released to a prospective employer.

B.

Released to schools to which a student is transferring.

C.

Released to specific individuals for audit or evaluation purposes.

D.

Released in response to a judicial order or lawfully ordered subpoena.

Question 45

What is a mistake organizations make when establishing privacy settings during the development of applications?

Options:

A.

Providing a user with too many choices.

B.

Failing to use "Do Not Track” technology.

C.

Providing a user with too much third-party information.

D.

Failing to get explicit consent from a user on the use of cookies.

Question 46

An organization is launching a smart watch which, in addition to alerts, will notify the the wearer of incoming calls allowing them to answer on the device. This convenience also comes with privacy concerns and is an example of?

Options:

A.

Value-Sensitive Design.

B.

Ubiquitous computing.

C.

Anthropomorphism.

D.

Coupling

Question 47

Machine-learning based solutions present a privacy risk because?

Options:

A.

Training data used during the training phase is compromised.

B.

The solution may contain inherent bias from the developers.

C.

The decision-making process used by the solution is not documented.

D.

Machine-learning solutions introduce more vulnerabilities than other software.

Question 48

What is a main benefit of data aggregation?

Options:

A.

It is a good way to perform analysis without needing a statistician.

B.

It applies two or more layers of protection to a single data record.

C.

It allows one to draw valid conclusions from small data samples.

D.

It is a good way to achieve de-identification and unlinkabilty.

Question 49

What must be done to destroy data stored on "write once read many" (WORM) media?

Options:

A.

The data must be made inaccessible by encryption.

B.

The erase function must be used to remove all data.

C.

The media must be physically destroyed.

D.

The media must be reformatted.

Question 50

What is an Access Control List?

Options:

A.

A list of steps necessary for an individual to access a resource.

B.

A list that indicates the type of permission granted to each individual.

C.

A list showing the resources that an individual has permission to access.

D.

A list of individuals who have had their access privileges to a resource revoked.

Question 51

Combining multiple pieces of information about an individual to produce a whole that is greater than the sum of its parts is called?

Options:

A.

Identification.

B.

Insecurity.

C.

Aggregation.

D.

Exclusion.

Question 52

A clinical research organization is processing highly sensitive personal data, including numerical attributes, from medical trial results. The organization needs to manipulate the data without revealing the contents to data users. This can be achieved by utilizing?

Options:

A.

k-anonymity.

B.

Microdata sets.

C.

Polymorphic encryption.

D.

Homomorphic encryption.

Question 53

A vendor has been collecting data under an old contract, not aligned with the practices of the organization.

Which is the preferred response?

Options:

A.

Destroy the data

B.

Update the contract to bring the vendor into alignment.

C.

Continue the terms of the existing contract until it expires.

D.

Terminate the contract and begin a vendor selection process.

Question 54

What is the term for information provided to a social network by a member?

Options:

A.

Profile data.

B.

Declared data.

C.

Personal choice data.

D.

Identifier information.

Question 55

Which of the following would be an example of an "objective" privacy harm to an individual?

Options:

A.

Receiving spam following the sale an of email address.

B.

Negative feelings derived from government surveillance.

C.

Social media profile views indicating unexpected interest in a person.

D.

Inaccuracies in personal data.

Question 56

What is the distinguishing feature of asymmetric encryption?

Options:

A.

It has a stronger key for encryption than for decryption.

B.

It employs layered encryption using dissimilar methods.

C.

It uses distinct keys for encryption and decryption.

D.

It is designed to cross operating systems.

Question 57

SCENARIO

Please use the following to answer the next questions:

Your company is launching a new track and trace health app during the outbreak of a virus pandemic in the US. The developers claim the app is based on privacy by design because personal data collected was considered to ensure only necessary data is captured, users are presented with a privacy notice, and they are asked to give consent before data is shared. Users can update their consent after logging into an account, through a dedicated privacy and consent hub. This is accessible through the 'Settings' icon from any app page, then clicking 'My Preferences', and selecting 'Information Sharing and Consent' where the following choices are displayed:

• "I consent to receive notifications and infection alerts";

• "I consent to receive information on additional features or services, and new products";

• "I consent to sharing only my risk result and location information, for exposure and contact tracing purposes";

• "I consent to share my data for medical research purposes"; and

• "I consent to share my data with healthcare providers affiliated to the company".

For each choice, an ON* or OFF tab is available The default setting is ON for all

Users purchase a virus screening service for USS29 99 for themselves or others using the app The virus screening

service works as follows:

• Step 1 A photo of the user's face is taken.

• Step 2 The user measures their temperature and adds the reading in the app

• Step 3 The user is asked to read sentences so that a voice analysis can detect symptoms

• Step 4 The user is asked to answer questions on known symptoms

• Step 5 The user can input information on family members (name date of birth, citizenship, home address, phone number, email and relationship).)

The results are displayed as one of the following risk status "Low. "Medium" or "High" if the user is deemed at "Medium " or "High" risk an alert may be sent to other users and the user is Invited to seek a medical consultation and diagnostic from a healthcare provider.

A user’s risk status also feeds a world map for contact tracing purposes, where users are able to check if they have been or are in dose proximity of an infected person If a user has come in contact with another individual classified as "medium’ or 'high' risk an instant notification also alerts the user of this. The app collects location trails of every user to monitor locations visited by an infected individual Location is collected using the phone's GPS functionary, whether the app is in use or not however, the exact location of the user is "blurred' for privacy reasons Users can only see on the map circles

The location data collected and displayed on the map should be changed for which of the following reasons?

Options:

A.

The blurriness does not allow users to know how close they are to an infected person

B.

The radius used for location data exceeds official social distancing rules

C.

The location data has not been pseudonymized

D.

The location data is loo precise

Question 58

To comply with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX), public companies in the United States are required to annually report on the effectiveness of the auditing controls of their financial reporting systems. These controls must be implemented to prevent unauthorized use, disclosure, modification, and damage or loss of financial data.

Why do these controls ensure both the privacy and security of data?

Options:

A.

Modification of data is an aspect of privacy; unauthorized use, disclosure, and damage or loss of data are aspects of security.

B.

Unauthorized use of data is an aspect of privacy; disclosure, modification, and damage or loss of data are aspects of security.

C.

Disclosure of data is an aspect of privacy; unauthorized use, modification, and damage or loss of data are aspects of security.

D.

Damage or loss of data are aspects of privacy; disclosure, unauthorized use, and modification of data are aspects of privacy.

Question 59

Which of the following would be an example of an "objective" privacy harm to an individual, based on Calo's Harm Dimensions?

Options:

A.

Receiving spam following the sale of an email address.

B.

Negative feelings derived from government surveillance.

C.

Social media profile views indicating unexpected interest in a person.

D.

Personal data inaccuracies present in a user's social media profile.

Question 60

What risk is mitigated when routing video traffic through a company’s application servers, rather than sending the video traffic directly from one user to another?

Options:

A.

The user is protected against phishing attacks.

B.

The user’s identity is protected from the other user.

C.

The user’s approximate physical location is hidden from the other user.

D.

The user is assured that stronger authentication methods have been used.

Question 61

Which of the following statements describes an acceptable disclosure practice?

Options:

A.

An organization’s privacy policy discloses how data will be used among groups within the organization itself.

B.

With regard to limitation of use, internal disclosure policies override contractual agreements with third parties.

C.

Intermediaries processing sensitive data on behalf of an organization require stricter disclosure oversight than vendors.

D.

When an organization discloses data to a vendor, the terms of the vendor’ privacy notice prevail over the organization’ privacy notice.

Question 62

What term describes two re-identifiable data sets that both come from the same unidentified individual?

Options:

A.

Pseudonymous data.

B.

Anonymous data.

C.

Aggregated data.

D.

Imprecise data.

Question 63

A company configures their information system to have the following capabilities:

Allow for selective disclosure of attributes to certain parties, but not to others.

Permit the sharing of attribute references instead of attribute values - such as “I am over 21” instead of birthday date.

Allow for information to be altered or deleted as needed.

These capabilities help to achieve which privacy engineering objective?

Options:

A.

Predictability.

B.

Manageability.

C.

Disassociability.

D.

Integrity.

Question 64

In the realm of artificial intelligence, how has deep learning enabled greater implementation of machine learning?

Options:

A.

By using hand-coded classifiers like edge detection filters so that a program can identify where an object starts and stops.

B.

By increasing the size of neural networks and running massive amounts of data through the network to train it.

C.

By using algorithmic approaches such as decision tree learning and inductive logic programming.

D.

By hand coding software routines with a specific set of instructions to accomplish a task.

Question 65

SCENARIO

You have just been hired by Ancillary.com, a seller of accessories for everything under the sun, including waterproof stickers for pool floats and decorative bands and cases for sunglasses. The company sells cell phone cases, e-cigarette cases, wine spouts, hanging air fresheners for homes and automobiles, book ends, kitchen implements, visors and shields for computer screens, passport holders, gardening tools and lawn ornaments, and catalogs full of health and beauty products. The list seems endless. As the CEO likes to say, Ancillary offers, without doubt, the widest assortment of low-price consumer products from a single company anywhere.

Ancillary's operations are similarly diverse. The company originated with a team of sales consultants selling home and beauty products at small parties in the homes of customers, and this base business is still thriving. However, the company now sells online through retail sites designated for industries and demographics, sites such as “My Cool Ride" for automobile-related products or “Zoomer” for gear aimed toward young adults. The company organization includes a plethora of divisions, units and outrigger operations, as Ancillary has been built along a decentered model rewarding individual initiative and flexibility, while also acquiring key assets. The retail sites seem to all function differently, and you wonder about their compliance with regulations and industry standards. Providing tech support to these sites is also a challenge, partly due to a variety of logins and authentication protocols.

You have been asked to lead three important new projects at Ancillary:

The first is the personal data management and security component of a multi-faceted initiative to unify the company’s culture. For this project, you are considering using a series of third- party servers to provide company data and approved applications to employees.

The second project involves providing point of sales technology for the home sales force, allowing them to move beyond paper checks and manual credit card imprinting.

Finally, you are charged with developing privacy protections for a single web store housing all the company’s product lines as well as products from affiliates. This new omnibus site will be known, aptly, as “Under the Sun.” The Director of Marketing wants the site not only to sell Ancillary’s products, but to link to additional products from other retailers through paid advertisements. You need to brief the executive team of security concerns posed by this approach.

If you are asked to advise on privacy concerns regarding paid advertisements, which is the most important aspect to cover?

Options:

A.

Unseen web beacons that combine information on multiple users.

B.

Latent keys that trigger malware when an advertisement is selected.

C.

Personal information collected by cookies linked to the advertising network.

D.

Sensitive information from Structured Query Language (SQL) commands that may be exposed.

Question 66

Which is likely to reduce the types of access controls needed within an organization?

Options:

A.

Decentralization of data.

B.

Regular data inventories.

C.

Standardization of technology.

D.

Increased number of remote employees.

Demo: 66 questions
Total 220 questions