Huawei H12-893_V1.0 HCIP-Data Center Network V1.0 Exam Practice Test

In Huawei’s CloudFabric Solution,SecoManager(Security Manager) andiMaster NCE-Fabric(Network Controller) are components of the SDN ecosystem. SecoManager handles security policy management, while iMaster NCE-Fabric manages network orchestration.

Deployment:These components can be deployed independently but are designed to integrate seamlessly. Huawei’s architecture supports automated interconnection after installation, leveraging northbound/southbound APIs or pre-configured integration workflows.

Interconnection:Manual interconnection is not required post-installation; the system automates the process once both are deployed and configured within the same management domain (e.g., via IP addressing and authentication).

The statement isFALSE (B)because interconnection is automated, not manual.References:Huawei CloudFabric Data Center Network Solution – Component Integration; HCIP-Data Center Network Training – SDN Deployment.

In Huawei’s M-LAG (Multi-Chassis Link Aggregation), the heartbeat link (or peer-link) ensures communication between member devices. A fault in this link can impact M-LAG operation. Let’s evaluate each statement:

A. The fault that two master devices exist cannot be detected in the case of a peer-link fault:This is false. A peer-link fault can be detected, and mechanisms like dual-master detection (e.g., via Inter-Chassis Communication Link or ICC) can identify if both devices assume master roles, triggering corrective actions.FALSE.

B. An alarm is triggered:This is true. A peer-link fault generates an alarm to notify administrators, as it’s a critical failure in M-LAG operation, per Huawei’s fault management system.TRUE.

C. The fault protection mechanism is triggered:This is true. Huawei M-LAG includes protection mechanisms (e.g., failover to backup links or shutdown of conflicting interfaces) to mitigate peer-link faults and maintain service continuity.TRUE.

D. Services are affected:This is false. With proper configuration (e.g., redundant links or fast failover), services should not be affected by a peer-link fault, as M-LAG is designed for high availability. Impact depends on redundancy, but the design goal is uninterrupted service.FALSE.

Thus,A and Dare false statements because dual-master faults can be detected, and services are not necessarily affected with adequate redundancy.References:Huawei CloudEngine Series Switch Configuration Guide – M-LAG Fault Handling; HCIP-Data Center Network Training – M-LAG Reliability.

VXLAN is an overlay technology that encapsulates Layer 2 frames within UDP packets to create scalable virtual networks, widely used in Huawei’s data center architectures. Let’s evaluate each statement:

A. A VXLAN tunnel endpoint that performs encapsulation is called a VNI:This is incorrect. A VXLAN Tunnel Endpoint (VTEP) is the device (physical or virtual) that performs encapsulation and decapsulation. The VNI (VXLAN Network Identifier) is a 24-bit field in the VXLAN header that identifies the virtual network, not the endpoint.FALSE.

B. VXLAN uses ECMP of the underlay network to improve network forwarding performance:Equal-Cost Multi-Path (ECMP) routing in the underlay network allows VXLAN to distribute traffic across multiple paths, enhancing load balancing and performance. This is a standard feature in Huawei’s VXLAN implementations.TRUE.

C. A VXLAN network is built based on UDP:VXLAN encapsulates Ethernet frames within UDP packets (using port 4789), making it a UDP-based overlay protocol. This is a core characteristic of VXLAN.TRUE.

D. VXLAN expands the number of subnets to 16 million and supports multi-tenancy:With a 24-bit VNI, VXLAN supports up to 16 million (2^24) unique network identifiers, enabling extensive subnet segmentation and multi-tenancy, a key advantage over traditionalVLANs (4096 limit).TRUE.

Thus,Ais the false statement because a VTEP, not a VNI, is the tunnel endpoint that performs encapsulation.References:Huawei CloudFabric Data Center Network Solution – VXLAN Overview; HCIP-Data Center Network Training – VXLAN Protocol.

EVPN (Ethernet VPN) is a control plane technology used with VXLAN to provide Layer 2 and Layer 3 services in data center networks, including Huawei’s implementations. EVPN routes are categorized into types, with Type 5 routes (IP Prefix routes) serving a specific purpose:

Type 5 Routes:These routes advertise IP prefixes and are used for inter-subnet routing, allowing communication between different VXLAN Virtual Network Identifiers (VNIs) or between VXLAN networks and external networks. They carry a Layer 3 VNI and IP prefix information, enabling routers or gateways to perform Layer 3 forwarding.

Usage Scope:Type 5 routes are not limited to hosts on a VXLAN network accessing external networks. They are also used by network devices (e.g., gateways, routers) within the EVPN domain to facilitate routing between subnets, including intra-VXLANcommunication. For example, a centralized gateway or distributed gateway can use Type 5 routes to route traffic within the data center or to external networks, not just host-initiated access.

The statement isFALSE (B)because Type 5 routes are not exclusively for hosts on a VXLAN network to access external networks; they support broader Layer 3 routing functions across the EVPN domain.References:Huawei HCIP-Data Center Network Training – EVPN Routing; CloudFabric EVPN Configuration Guide.

Huawei’s iMaster NCE-Fabric is an SDN controller for the CloudFabric data center network solution, providing network management and automation. The rollback feature allows administrators to revert configuration changes to previous states in case of errors. According to Huawei’s documentation, iMaster NCE-Fabric supportsfour rollback levels, enabling the system to store and restore up to four previous configuration versions. This ensures flexibility in undoing changes during network management tasks like upgrades or policy adjustments.

Options Analysis:

A. 3: Incorrect, as it underestimates the supported levels.

B. 4: Correct, aligning with Huawei’s specified rollback capability.

C. 2: Incorrect, as it is fewer than the supported levels.

D. 1: Incorrect, as it limits rollback to a single state, which is insufficient for complex management.

Thus, the answer isB (4).References:Huawei CloudFabric Data Center Network Solution – iMaster NCE-Fabric Features; HCIP-Data Center Network Training – SDN Controller Management.

This question pertains to OpenStack, a common virtualization platform in Huawei’s HCIP-Data Center Network curriculum, where components collaborate to create and manage virtual machines (VMs). Let’s analyze each component’s role in providing computing, storage, and network resources during VM creation:

A. Nova:Nova is the compute service in OpenStack, responsible for managing VM lifecycles, including provisioning CPU and memory resources. It’s essential for providing computing resources during VM creation.Required.

B. Neutron:Neutron is the networking service, handling virtual network creation, IP allocation, and connectivity (e.g., VXLAN or VLAN) for VMs. It’s critical for providing network resources during VM creation.Required.

C. Ceilometer:Ceilometer is the telemetry service, used for monitoring, metering, and collecting usage data (e.g., CPU utilization, disk I/O) of VMs. While useful for billing or optimization, it does not directly provide computing, storage, or network resources during VM creation.Not Required.

D. Cinder:Cinder is the block storage service, providing persistent storage volumes for VMs (e.g., for OS disks or data). It’s essential for providing storage resources during VM creation if a volume is attached.Required.

Thus,C (Ceilometer)is not required to provision the core resources (computing, storage, network) for VM creation, as its role is monitoring, not resource allocation.References:Huawei HCIP-Data Center Network Training – OpenStack Architecture; OpenStack Official Documentation – Service Overview.

Huawei’s CloudFabric Solution, managed by iMaster NCE-Fabric, provides robust Operations and Maintenance (O&M) capabilities. Let’s evaluate each option:

A. Multi-path detection:This is true. CloudFabric supports multi-path detection (e.g., using ECMP) to verify load balancing and path diversity in the network.TRUE.

B. Network connectivity detection, such as IP ping and MAC ping:This is true. Tools like IP ping and MAC ping are supported for troubleshooting connectivity between devices and endpoints.TRUE.

C. Single-path detection:This is false. While multi-path detection is supported, single-path detection is not a distinct O&M function; connectivity checks typically involve multiple paths or end-to-end verification.FALSE.

D. Visualization of entries (MAC/IP) on logical routers and switches:This is true. CloudFabric provides visualization of MAC and IP entries on logical network elements, aiding in network management and troubleshooting.TRUE.

Thus,A, B, and Dare supported O&M functions.References:Huawei CloudFabric Data Center Network Solution – O&M Features; HCIP-Data Center Network Training – Network Operations.

A hypervisor is a software layer that creates and manages virtual machines (VMs) by abstracting physical resources from the underlying hardware. The question specifies that the hypervisor virtualizes "memory" and "input/output (I/O) resources," and the task is to provide the missing resource acronym in uppercase letters. In virtualization contexts, including Huawei’s FusionCompute or OpenStack with KVM, the primary physical resources virtualized by a hypervisor are:

CPU:The central processing unit (CPU) is virtualized to allocate processing power to VMs, enabling multi-tenancy and workload isolation.

Memory:Virtualized to provide RAM allocation to VMs, abstracted via memory management units (MMUs).

I/O Resources:Input/output resources (e.g., NICs, disks) are virtualized to allow VMs to communicate and store data, often through virtual NICs (vNICs) or virtual disks.

The question lists "memory" and "I/O resources" explicitly, implying the missing resource is CPU, as it completes the standard triad of virtualized resources in hypervisor design. Thus, the answer isCPU.References:Huawei HCIP-Data Center Network Training – Virtualization Fundamentals; FusionCompute Architecture Guide.

In Huawei’s CloudFabric Solution, the iMaster NCE-Fabric controller manages the network in computing scenarios (e.g., virtualized environments). Controller interconnection with external systems can be mandatory or optional depending on functionality. Let’s evaluate each option:

A. Interconnection with FabricInsight:This is optional. FabricInsight is an analytics and assurance tool that enhances visibility and troubleshooting but is not required for basiccontroller operations in the computing scenario.OPTIONAL.

B. Interconnection with the authentication server:This is mandatory. Authentication servers (e.g., RADIUS, TACACS+) are essential for securing access to the controller and managed devices, a core requirement in computing scenarios.NOT OPTIONAL.

C. Interconnection with eSight:This is optional. eSight is a network management platform that provides additional monitoring and management capabilities, but it is not necessary for core controller functionality.OPTIONAL.

D. Interconnection with the VMM (Virtual Machine Manager):This is mandatory. Interconnection with a VMM (e.g., FusionCompute, OpenStack) is required to manage virtualized computing resources and orchestrate network services in the computing scenario.NOT OPTIONAL.

Thus,A (Interconnection with FabricInsight) and C (Interconnection with eSight)are optional services for controller interconnection.References:Huawei CloudFabric Data Center Network Solution – Controller Integration; HCIP-Data Center Network Training – Computing Scenario.

V-STP (Virtual Spanning Tree Protocol) is a Huawei-specific enhancement of the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) designed to prevent Layer 2 loops in complex network topologies, including Multi-Chassis Link Aggregation (M-LAG) deployments on Huawei CloudEngine (CE) series switches.

M-LAG Overview:M-LAG allows two switches to appear as a single logical device, connecting to downstream devices via Link Aggregation Groups (LAGs). Without proper loop prevention, incorrect configurations (e.g., misconfigured ports) or physical connections (e.g., redundant links) can cause broadcast storms.

V-STP Role:V-STP extends STP to handle virtualized environments and M-LAG scenarios. It ensures that only one path is active in a loop-prone topology by blocking redundant links, preventing loops caused by misconfigurations or unintended connections. In M-LAG, V-STP coordinates with the peer-link to maintain a loop-free topology.

The statement isTRUE (A)because V-STP is designed to prevent loops in M-LAG deployments due to incorrect configurations or connections.References:Huawei CloudEngine Series Switch Configuration Guide – V-STP and M-LAG; HCIP-Data Center Network Training – Loop Prevention.

Multi-Chassis Link Aggregation Group (M-LAG) is a high-availability technology on Huawei CloudEngine (CE) series switches, where two switches appear as a single logical device to downstream devices. The peer-link between the M-LAG peers synchronizes critical information to ensure seamless failover if one device fails. Let’s evaluate the entries:

A. MAC Address Entries:MAC address tables map device MACs to ports. In M-LAG, synchronizing MAC entries ensures that both switches know the location of connected devices. If one switch fails, the surviving switch can forward Layer 2 traffic without relearning MAC addresses, preventing disruptions.Required.

B. Routing Entries:Routing entries (e.g., OSPF or BGP routes) are maintained at Layer 3 and typically synchronized via routing protocols, not M-LAG peer-link packets. M-LAG operates at Layer 2, and while Layer 3 can be overlaid (e.g., with VXLAN), routing table synchronization is not a standard M-LAG requirement.Not Required.

C. IGMP Entries:IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol) entries track multicast group memberships. While useful for multicast traffic, they are not critical for basic unicast traffic forwarding in M-LAG failover scenarios. Huawei documentation indicates IGMP synchronization is optional and context-specific, not mandatory for general traffic continuity.Not Required.

D. ARP Entries:ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) entries map IP addresses to MAC addresses, crucial for Layer 2/Layer 3 communication. Synchronizing ARP entries ensures the surviving switch can resolve IP-to-MAC mappings post-failover, avoiding ARP flooding or traffic loss.Required.

Thus,A (MAC address entries) and D (ARP entries)are essential for M-LAG synchronization to maintain traffic forwarding during failover, per Huawei CE switch M-LAG design.References:Huawei CloudEngine Series Switch Configuration Guide – M-LAG Section; HCIP-Data Center Network Training – High Availability Technologies.

FusionCompute is Huawei’s virtualization platform, part of the FusionSphere ecosystem, designed for managing virtualized resources in data centers. Its logical architecture consists of two primary modules:

VRM (Virtualization Resource Management):VRM is the management module responsible for centralized control, resource allocation, and monitoring of virtual machines, hosts, and clusters. It provides the user interface and orchestration capabilities for administrators to manage the virtualized environment.

CNA (Compute Node Agent):CNA runs on physical hosts and handles the execution of virtualization tasks, such as VM creation, resource scheduling, and communication with the underlying hypervisor (typically KVM in Huawei’s implementation). It acts as the compute node agent interfacing with the hardware.

Together, VRM and CNA form the core logical architecture of FusionCompute, with VRM managing the environment and CNA executing the compute tasks. The answer, per Huawei’s documentation, isVRM.References:Huawei FusionCompute Product Documentation – Architecture Overview; HCIP-Data Center Network Training – FusionCompute Section.

Centralized gateway deployment using BGP EVPN in Huawei’s data center networks (e.g., CloudFabric) involves a gateway handling Layer 3 routing for VXLAN overlays. Let’s evaluate each statement:

A. When configuring a VTEP, you need to create a Layer 2 BD and bind a VNI to the Layer 2 BD:A Bridge Domain (BD) is a Layer 2 broadcast domain in VXLAN, and a Virtual Network Identifier (VNI) is bound to it to segment traffic. This is a standard step when configuring a VXLAN Tunnel Endpoint (VTEP) to map the overlay network.TRUE.

B. A VXLAN tunnel is identified by a pair of VTEP IP addresses and can be established if the local and remote VTEP IP addresses are reachable to each other at Layer 3:VXLAN tunnels are established between VTEPs using their IP addresses as endpoints. Layer 3 reachability (e.g., via underlay routing) is required for tunnel establishment.TRUE.

C. When BGP EVPN is used to dynamically establish a VXLAN tunnel, the local and remote VTEPs first establish a BGP EVPN peer relationship and then exchange BGP EVPN routes to transmit VNI and VTEP IP address information. A VXLAN tunnel is then dynamically established between them:In BGP EVPN, VTEPs establish a BGP peer relationship, exchange routes (e.g., Type 2 for MAC/IP or Type 3 for multicast), and share VNI and VTEP IP details, enabling dynamic tunnel setup.TRUE.

D. When configuring a VTEP, you need to create an EVPN Instance in the Layer 2 BDand configure an RD for the local EVPN instance. You do not need to configure an RT:An EVPN Instance (EVI) is created within a BD, and a Route Distinguisher (RD) is configured to make routes unique. However, Route Targets (RTs) are also required to control route import/export between EVPN peers, ensuring proper VNI and route distribution. Stating that RT configuration is not needed is incorrect, as RTs are essential for BGP EVPN operation.FALSE.

Thus,Dis the false statement because RT configuration is necessary in centralized gateway deployment with BGP EVPN.References:Huawei CloudFabric Data Center Network Solution – BGP EVPN Configuration; HCIP-Data Center Network Training – EVPN Gateway Deployment.

In Huawei’s spine-leaf data center network (DCN) architecture, the topology consists of spine nodes (core) and leaf nodes (access/aggregation). Leaf nodes can serve different roles:

Border Leaf Node:Connects the DCN to external networks or other domains, handling Layer 3 routing.

Service Leaf Node:Connects to internal services (e.g., servers, VMs), often handling Layer 2/Layer 3 traffic.

In practice, a single physical device can be configured to perform both roles (border and service) if it has the necessary interfaces and routing capabilities. Huawei’s CloudFabric documentation supports this flexibility, allowing a leaf switch to act as both a border and service node based on configuration (e.g., using VRFs or VXLAN gateways). This reduces hardware costs and simplifies deployment in smaller DCNs.

The statement isTRUE (A)because the border leaf and service leaf roles can be deployed on the same device in a spine-leaf architecture.References:Huawei CloudFabric Data Center Network Solution – Spine-Leaf Design; HCIP-Data Center Network Training – Leaf Node Roles.

Huawei’s CloudFabric solution provides an SDN-based framework for data center network management, supporting automation across the network lifecycle. Let’s evaluate each phase:

A. Planning and construction:This is true. CloudFabric automates network design, resource allocation, and deployment during the planning and construction phase using tools like iMaster NCE.TRUE.

B. Service provisioning:This is true. Automated service orchestration (e.g., VXLAN tunnel setup, tenant configuration) is a key feature during provisioning.TRUE.

C. O&M and monitoring:This is true. CloudFabric offers real-time monitoring, fault detection, and performance optimization through centralized management.TRUE.

D. Change optimization:This is true. The solution supports automated upgrades, policyadjustments, and optimization based on analytics, covering the change management phase.TRUE.

All phasesA, B, C, and Dare supported by CloudFabric’s full-lifecycle automation.References:Huawei CloudFabric Data Center Network Solution – Automation Features; HCIP-Data Center Network Training – Lifecycle Management.

In Huawei’s spine-leaf DCN architecture, nodes have distinct roles:

A. Spine:The spine nodes form the backbone of the data center, providing high-speed IP forwarding between leaf nodes. They handle east-west traffic with non-blocking connectivity, making them the core backbone nodes.Correct.

B. DC1 leaf:This is not a standard node type; it may be a typo or misnomer. Leaf nodes connect to endpoints, not act as backbones.Incorrect.

C. Service leaf:Service leaf nodes connect to internal services (e.g., servers), not the backbone, focusing on access rather than high-speed forwarding.Incorrect.

D. Border leaf:Border leaf nodes connect to external networks, handling routing, not serving as the internal backbone.Incorrect.

Thus, the answer isA (Spine).References:Huawei CloudFabric Data Center Network Solution – Spine-Leaf Architecture; HCIP-Data Center Network Training – Node Roles.

VXLAN (Virtual Extensible LAN) tunnels are used to encapsulate Layer 2 traffic over a Layer 3 network, a key component in Huawei’s CloudFabric data center solutions. Let’s evaluate each statement:

A. A VXLAN tunnel is identified by a pair of VTEPs:This is true. A VXLAN tunnel is identified by the pair of VXLAN Tunnel Endpoint (VTEP) IP addresses (local and remote), along with the VNI (VXLAN Network Identifier). This ensures unique tunnel identification.TRUE.

B. After a tunnel is established, if one end of the tunnel goes Down, the other end may not go Down:This is true. VXLAN tunnels are unidirectional, and the status of one end does not automatically affect the other unless the underlay network connectivity (e.g., Layer 3 reachability) is lost. The remote VTEP may remain operational if it can still encapsulate/decapsulate traffic.TRUE.

C. For a static tunnel, you need to manually configure the local and remote VNIs:This is true. In a static VXLAN tunnel, administrators must manually configure the VNI and VTEP IP addresses on both ends, as there is no dynamic control plane (e.g., BGP EVPN) to automate the process.TRUE.

D. Dynamic tunnels depend on EVPN Type 5 routes to transmit information:This is false. Dynamic VXLAN tunnels rely on BGP EVPN as the control plane, but Type 5 routes (IP Prefix routes) are specifically used for advertising host IP routes and external network routes, not for general tunnel establishment. Dynamic tunnel setup primarily uses Type 2 (MAC/IP Advertisement) and Type 3 (Multicast) routes to exchange VNI and VTEP information. Type 5 routes are relevant for Layer 3 routing, not the initial tunnel setup.FALSE.

Thus,Dis the false statement because dynamic tunnels depend on EVPN Type 2 and Type 3 routes, not Type 5, for initial establishment.References:Huawei CloudFabric Data Center Network Solution – VXLAN Configuration Guide; HCIP-Data Center Network Training – VXLAN Tunneling.

On Huawei CloudEngine (CE) series switches, VXLAN tunnel monitoring and troubleshooting involve specific commands to diagnose issues such as tunnel Down status or failed dynamic establishment. Let’s evaluate each option:

A. Run the display vxlan statistics command to check the cause of the fault:This command provides statistics on VXLAN tunnel traffic, including packet drops, encapsulation/decapsulation counts, and errors. It helps identify issues like misconfiguration or network congestion, making it a valid troubleshooting tool.TRUE.

B. Run the display vxlan peer command to check the cause of the fault on the peer device of the tunnel:This command displays information about VXLAN peers, including their IP addresses, VNIs, and reachability status. Checking the peer device’s status can reveal connectivity or configuration mismatches, aiding fault diagnosis.TRUE.

C. Run the display vxlan troubleshooting command to check the causes of at most the latest five failures to dynamically establish a VXLAN tunnel:This command logs and displays troubleshooting details, including the latest five failure reasons for dynamic tunnel setup (e.g., BGP EVPN issues or reachability problems). This is a standard feature on Huawei CE switches.TRUE.

D. Run the display vxlan troubleshooting command to check at most the latest five reasons why a VXLAN tunnel goes Down:This command also tracks reasons for tunnel Down events (e.g., underlay failure, peer unreachability), limited to the latest five incidents. This is consistent with Huawei’s troubleshooting capabilities.TRUE.

All optionsA, B, C, and Dare true, as they represent valid commands and approaches to troubleshoot VXLAN tunnel issues on Huawei CE switches.References:Huawei CloudEngine Series Switch Command Reference – VXLAN Commands; HCIP-Data Center Network Training – Troubleshooting VXLAN.